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https://w.atwiki.jp/touhoukashi/pages/1188.html
【登録タグ A-One DYSTOPIA O misa 小さな小さな賢将 曲】 【注意】 現在、このページはJavaScriptの利用が一時制限されています。この表示状態ではトラック情報が正しく表示されません。 この問題は、以下のいずれかが原因となっています。 ページがAMP表示となっている ウィキ内検索からページを表示している これを解決するには、こちらをクリックし、ページを通常表示にしてください。 /** General styling **/ @font-face { font-family Noto Sans JP ; font-display swap; font-style normal; font-weight 350; src url(https //img.atwikiimg.com/www31.atwiki.jp/touhoukashi/attach/2972/10/NotoSansCJKjp-DemiLight.woff2) format( woff2 ), url(https //img.atwikiimg.com/www31.atwiki.jp/touhoukashi/attach/2972/9/NotoSansCJKjp-DemiLight.woff) format( woff ), url(https //img.atwikiimg.com/www31.atwiki.jp/touhoukashi/attach/2972/8/NotoSansCJKjp-DemiLight.ttf) format( truetype ); } @font-face { font-family Noto Sans JP ; font-display swap; font-style normal; font-weight bold; src url(https //img.atwikiimg.com/www31.atwiki.jp/touhoukashi/attach/2972/13/NotoSansCJKjp-Medium.woff2) format( woff2 ), url(https //img.atwikiimg.com/www31.atwiki.jp/touhoukashi/attach/2972/12/NotoSansCJKjp-Medium.woff) format( woff ), url(https //img.atwikiimg.com/www31.atwiki.jp/touhoukashi/attach/2972/11/NotoSansCJKjp-Medium.ttf) format( truetype ); 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https://w.atwiki.jp/vocalive/pages/43.html
このページ名(Name of this Page)→【海外行事】 メニューMENU 海外行事 (International Live Concert and Event in Oversea) Event MEMOの方を先に記載して、更新しておいて下さい。 2012 VOCAWORLD-01 2012年5月27日 場所:耕莘文教基金會1F大禮堂 (台北市辛亥路一段22號)、Taiwan 台湾 ◆活動名稱 VOCAWORLD-01 ◆內容 VOCALOID原創音樂,相關二次創作同人誌販售會 ◆時間 2012年05月27日(週日) ◆地點 耕莘文教基金會1F大禮堂 (台北市辛亥路一段22號) http //www.tiencf.org.tw/page1.aspx?no=77888 ◆一般入場門票 150NT(含場刊與紀念CD) ◆募集攤位數 48攤(含海外社團募集) ◆社團入場:09 30~11 00 ◆一般入場:10 00~15 00 會後特別活動企劃中 VOCAWORLD-01 Vocaloid Only Event http //vocaworld.web.fc2.com/ 主辦 http //macia1192.blog.fc2.com/ 出た!5月27日に台湾でボカロオンリーの「VOCAWORLD-01」が開催 (日本語 Japanese Translation) http //vocaloid.blog120.fc2.com/blog-entry-10808.html Experiencing the Media Mix Anime, Manga, Video Games. (メディアミックスの体験:アニメ、マンガ、ビデオゲーム) President’s Conference Series February 4 to 6, 2012 (学長講演会シリーズ) http //www.concordia.ca/now/upcoming-events/presidents-conference-series/2012-event/ 日時:2012年2月4日ー6日 Location 1455 De Maisonneuve Blvd. W., Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G Concordia University http //www.concordia.ca 場所:コンコルディア大学、モントリーオール、ケベック州、カナダ Academics discuss Japanese pop culture (アカデミック研究者が日本のポップカルチャーについて語る) http //www.concordia.ca/now/what-we-do/research/20120118/academics-discuss-japanese-pop-culture.php Speakers (公演者) http //www.concordia.ca/now/upcoming-events/presidents-conference-series/2012-event/speakers/ Schedule and Lecture abstracts (スケジュール及び公演抄録) http //www.concordia.ca/now/upcoming-events/presidents-conference-series/2012-event/schedule/ Lecture abstracts Eiji Otsuka-The Unholy Alliance of Disney and Eisenstein Marc Steinberg-Media Mix as Experience Ian Condry-Miku Virtual Idol as Media Platform (ミク - メディアプラットフォームとしての仮想アイドル) Mia Consalvo-Unintended Travel ROM Hackers and Fan Translations of Japanese Videogames Thomas Lamarre-Transnational Storytelling Matthew Penney-Media Mixed Histories Kyara versus Context Toshiya Ueno- Between Wolf and Dog On Oshii Mamoru and Tezuka Osamu Margherita Long-Nausicaa Now More Than Ever Thomas Looser-The Autonomy of Gaming (and the Dark Value of Guns) コンコルディア大学でイアン・コンドリー氏がミクの講演をするらしい件 (日本語訳 Japanese Translation) http //vocaloid.blog120.fc2.com/blog-entry-10754.html 公演タイトル (概要の翻訳) Eiji Otsuka-The Unholy Alliance of Disney and Eisenstein 基調講演(大塚 英志--ディズニーとアイゼンスタインの邪悪な同盟) Marc Steinberg-Media Mix as Experience (マーク・スタインバーグ--経験としてのメディアミックス) Ian Condry-Miku Virtual Idol as Media Platform (イアン・コンドリー:ミク - メディアプラットフォームとしての仮想アイドル) Mia Consalvo-Unintended Travel ROM Hackers and Fan Translations of Japanese Videogames (Mia Consalvo--予想外の旅行:日本のビデオゲームのROMハッカーとファンによる翻訳) Thomas Lamarre-Transnational Storytelling (トーマス・ラマール--国を越えたストリーテリング ) Matthew Penney-Media Mixed Histories Kyara versus Context (マシュー・ペニー--メディアミックスの歴史:キャラ 対 コンテクスト) Toshiya Ueno- Between Wolf and Dog On Oshii Mamoru and Tezuka Osamu (上野俊哉--狼と犬の間:押井守と手塚治虫) Margherita Long-Nausicaa Now More Than Ever (マルガリータ・ロング--ナウシカ、NOW MORE THAN EVER (愛は限りなく)) Thomas Looser-The Autonomy of Gaming (and the Dark Value of Guns) (トーマス・ルーサー--ゲームの自律(そして、銃の暗い価値)) 公演タイトル (概要の翻訳) Eiji Otsuka-The Unholy Alliance of Disney and Eisenstein 基調講演(大塚 英志(神戸芸術工科大学)--ディズニーとアイゼンスタインの邪悪な同盟) Marc Steinberg-Media Mix as Experience (マーク・スタインバーグ(Concordia大学)--経験としてのメディアミックス) Ian Condry-Miku Virtual Idol as Media Platform (イアン・コンドリー(MIT):ミク - メディアプラットフォームとしての仮想アイドル) Mia Consalvo-Unintended Travel ROM Hackers and Fan Translations of Japanese Videogames (Mia Consalvo(Concordia大学)--予想外の旅行:日本のビデオゲームのROMハッカーとファンによる翻訳) Thomas Lamarre-Transnational Storytelling (トーマス・ラマール(McGill大学)--国を越えたストリーテリング ) Matthew Penney-Media Mixed Histories Kyara versus Context (マシュー・ペニー(Concordia大学)--メディアミックスの歴史:キャラ 対 コンテクスト) Toshiya Ueno- Between Wolf and Dog On Oshii Mamoru and Tezuka Osamu (上野俊哉(和光大学)--狼と犬の間:押井守と手塚治虫) Margherita Long-Nausicaa Now More Than Ever (マルガリータ・ロング(California大学) Nausicaa Now More Than Ever--ナウシカ、NOW MORE THAN EVER (愛は限りなく)) Thomas Looser-The Autonomy of Gaming (and the Dark Value of Guns) (トーマス・ルーサー(New York大学)--ゲームの自律(そして、銃の暗い価値)) 関連行事:MIT/Harvard Cool Japan Initiative (米国、ボストン) MIT/Harvard Cool Japan research project http //web.mit.edu/cooljapan/ http //vocaloid.blog120.fc2.com/blog-entry-10471.html (TV) http //vocaloid.blog120.fc2.com/blog-entry-9806.html (日本語訳) 参考文献: ミク:日本のヴァーチャル・アイドルとメディア・プラットフォーム http //anond.hatelabo.jp/20110719203237 (Dr.イアン・コンドリーのレポート日本語訳) Miku Japan s virtual idol and media platform. (original report) http //civic.mit.edu/blog/condry/miku-japans-virtual-idol-and-media-platform MIT比較メディア研究科 Comparative Media Studies (CMS) http //cms.mit.edu/ 参考文献:初音ミクは日本の伝統芸能だった。週刊アスキー福岡総編集長が語る http //ascii.jp/elem/000/000/634/634796/ 日時:2012年2月4日、5日 イベント名: 成都(Chengdu)ComicParty 入場料: 25元 公式サイト http //scparty.com/ 企業参加:COSPA、ANIMATE、WACOM 他 成都ComicParty 同人交流会 四川科技馆 开展时间9 00-16 30 预售票淘宝网订票地址 http //item.taobao.com/item.htm?id=14129979565 イベントに参加すると・・・ こちらのハイセンスなステッカー限定5,000枚!がもらえます! ※2月のブログTOP絵に際採用された方にはもれなくこちらをプレゼント! http //blog.piapro.jp/2012/01/topsnow-miku-20122top.html 出た!5月27日に台湾でボカロオンリーの「VOCAWORLD-01」が開催 (日本語訳 Japanese Translation) http //vocaloid.blog120.fc2.com/blog-entry-10808.html 出てきた情報一覧の途中までのまとめ 途中から公式?のFacebookとTwitterのアカウントが無くなった模様。(中止の可能性あり) Hatsune Miku s Live party 2012 concert in Kuala Lumpur MALAYSIA(仮) (初音ミク ライブパーティ 2012 コンサート クアラルンプール マレーシア(仮) Is JPAC aka Anime Festival KL(Kuala Lumpur) a scam? http //geminianeyes.com/?p=7023 Scams of AnimeFiesta Kuala Lumpur 2012(PC画面の解析他) http //typicalstorm.com/2012/01/scams-of-animefiesta-kuala-lumpur-2012/ AnimeFiesta KL 公式ツイッター https //twitter.com/#!/afkl20121 公式ページ AnimeFiesta Kuala Lumpur (KL ) アニメフェスタ http //kualalumpur.is-into-anime.com/ アニメフェスタの日時 Anime Fiesta 2012の方の時間 Date 31st March 1st April 2012 Time 10 - 11 pm Venue Hall 1,2,3 4, KLCC Convention Center, KLCC, KL アニメフェスタのチケット購入情報 、Super Passes(スーパーパス), 値段:RM50.00からRM65.00. 1月7日から発売中 http //kualalumpur.is-into-anime.com/index.php?option=com_content view=article id=5 superpass catid=25 the-convention Itemid=92 上記チケット情報をたどると、ミクパ(Miku s Live party)の可能性あり 2日間有効のスーパーパスを購入すると、ミクさんのライブが10%割引。ただし1月末まで [10% discount on purchase of Hatsune Miku s Live party 2012 concert (limited to one ticket per Superpass - Offers end January 31, 2012)] クアラルンプール、アニメフェスタ スーパーパス購入先 http //kualalumpur.is-into-anime.com/cart/products/AFKL-SuperPass.html ホール1 Concerts (コンサート)の様子 http //kualalumpur.is-into-anime.com/index.php?option=com_content view=article id=30 Itemid=112 Facebook Hatsune Miku Concert in Kuala Lumpur (planning) http //www.facebook.com/events/303896116315099/ [2012年3月30日 1 00〜2012年4月1日 15 00] 「続きを読む」のボタンを押すと下記が出る 日時:3月31日と4月1日の2回、9-11pmの約2時間 Hatsune Miku Concert Planning Its two (2) show concert ON ANIME FIESTA Kuala Lumpur 2012. 1st show on Saturday night 31st March 2012 2nd Show on Sunday night 1st April 2012 Time 9.00 pm - 11.00 pm Venue Hall 1, KLCC Convention Center, KLCC, KL. Anime Fiesta 2012の方の時間 Date 31st March 1st April 2012 Time 10 - 11 pm Venue Hall 1,2,3 4, KLCC Convention Center, KLCC, KL JPAC ANIME FESTA Kuala Lumpur 公式サイト? http //jpacfestival.name.my http //jpacfestival.name.my/home.html http //www.youtube.com/watch?v=gXyBV5hg7yE (30 March 2012) リンク切れ等 http //www.youtube.com/user/JustinBiebzHottie forum/jpactfestival.name.my Kuala Lumpur Convention Center Exhibition Hall,KLCC (Map 地図) http //www.bing.com/maps/default.aspx?v=2 pc=FACEBK mid=8100 rtp=adr.~pos.3.1569184198473_101.71572432824_Kuala+Lumpur+Convention+Center+Exhibition+Hall%2CKLCC cp=3.1569184198473~101.71572432824 lvl=16 sty=r rtop=0~0~0~ mode=D FORM=FBKPL2 mkt=ja-JP Kuala Lumpur Convention Center Exhibition Hall,KLCC http //www.klccconventioncentre.com/index_flash.html wiki http //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur_Convention_Centre 地図 http //maps.google.co.jp/maps?hl=ja cp=52 gs_id=l xhr=t safe=off gs_upl= bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.,cf.osb biw=1025 bih=886 um=1 ie=UTF-8 q=Kuala+Lumpur+Convention+Center+Exhibition+Hall,KLCC fb=1 gl=jp hq=Kuala+Lumpur+Convention+Center+Exhibition+Hall,KLCC cid=0,0,4083244527874543771 ei=wkoJT8zaB-P2mAXHxOWaAw sa=X oi=local_result ct=image sqi=2 ved=0CAwQ_BI クアラルンプールの会議場の場所 開発中のKuala Lumpur City Centre (KLCC)=会場の場所の写真等 http //www.patchay.com/p/kuala-lumpur-urban-developments.html JPAC formerly JPAC ANIME FESTA Kuala Lumpur 2012 JPAC Festival - Japanese Pop Anime Culture Festival http //www.facebook.com/JPACFestival?sk=wall filter=2 http //www.kuala-lumpur.world-guides.com/kuala_lumpur_events.html http //jpacfestival.name.my http //jpacfestival.name.my/home.html http //www.youtube.com/watch?v=gXyBV5hg7yE programme http //jpacfestival.name.my/jpac_programme_list.html 参考情報 http //cosplayfun.wordpress.com/2011/11/30/events-list-2011/ Japanese Pop Anime Culture (JPAC) Festival Sept 2011 (TBA)… now its 23 – 25 December 2011 https //www.facebook.com/JPACFestival http //jpacfestival.name.my/ 参考情報 @itohh(Hiroyuki Itoh) @hightrancesea ありゃー、連絡はいただいてますけど未だ何も合意してません。 というかアーティストにも予定があるのにフライングで告知ってひどいなー。 1月5日 https //twitter.com/#!/itohh/status/154900709295407104 「VOCA★FUSION」VocaFusion https //viewer.zoho.com/docs/gx1b4 プレイベント 2012年2月11日 pre-event 場所:ビクトリーセンターモール(Victory Center Mall),カロオカン(Caloocan)市, Philippines コラボ:Pinoy Utaite 本イベント;2012年5月20日 May 20 バヤニハンセンター(Bayanihan Center),パシグ市(Pasig City) Press release https //viewer.zoho.com/docs/gx1b4 Twitter https //twitter.com/VOCAFUSION Facebook https //www.facebook.com/vocafusion VOCA★FUSION Online Chorus Battle [OPEN] http //www.youtube.com/watch?v=lfCNvJGobV0 Pinoy Utaite Live http //www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=322600454441452 set=o.272854136106633 type=1 ref=nf http //www.facebook.com/events/272854136106633/ 出た!フィリピンで「VOCA★FUSION」なるボカロイベントが開催 http //vocaloid.blog120.fc2.com/blog-entry-10661.html(日本語訳) Miku UKが、イギリスのスコットランドで手作りライブの準備の為 人員募集 http //www.miku-uk.com/ 公式サイト With special thanks to Crypton Future Media, we will create and perform a Hatsune Miku live Concert in Scotland, UK. https //twitter.com/intent/user?screen_name=MikuUK スコットランドでの初音ミク3Dライブを目的とした「Miku-UK Project」 http //vocaloid.blog120.fc2.com/blog-entry-10595.html (日本語訳) Miku USA http //vocaloidotaku.net/index.php?/topic/21866-animiku-and-mikusa-release/ トップは語る:クリプトン・フューチャー・メディア株式会社 伊藤博之社長に聞く http //www.ite.or.jp/data/journal/passed_issues/?mode=disp key=114 今後のコンサートに関しては,日本,それから世界で行う計画があります. 2011 [メキシコ初のバーチャルコンサートは半透明スクリーン使用…かもな件]2011年7月 http //vocaloid.blog120.fc2.com/blog-entry-9392.html http //vocaloid.blog120.fc2.com/blog-entry-9410.html (ドイツ 文化庁メディア芸術祭 ドルトムント展) 2011年9月10日~10月2日 http //vocaloid.blog120.fc2.com/blog-entry-9389.html 米国、New York:NY Comic Con 2011年10月13日-16日 ミクノポリス映像の上映会及び講演会 http //vocaloid.blog120.fc2.com/blog-entry-9665.html (日本語訳) 日時:2011年10月17日(月)5 00 PM - 7 00 PM 場所:4-136(MIT)米国ボストン [キャラクターを越える初音ミク:MikuMikuDanceの最前線] 主催:MIT/Harvard Cool Japan Initiative MIT/Harvard Cool Japan research project http //web.mit.edu/cooljapan/ http //vocaloid.blog120.fc2.com/blog-entry-9806.html (日本語訳) http //vocaloid.blog120.fc2.com/blog-entry-10471.html (TV) http //anond.hatelabo.jp/20110719203237 (Dr.イアン・コンドリーのレポート日本語訳)
https://w.atwiki.jp/dunpoo/pages/94.html
0610 サイエンスポータル:400以上の科学関連サイトつなぐ [毎日] 科学に関する400以上のサイト(ホームページ)につながる「サイエンスポータル」が開設された。科学技術振興機構(JST)が7日から公開しているもので、各サイトを個別に訪れて情報を探す手間が大幅に省ける。 サイエンスポータルは▽毎日更新する「ニュース」▽週1回更新する「特集」▽随時更新する「情報」から成る。ここを拠点にして研究所や報道機関、官公庁など422のサイト(公開時)に移動できる。利用は無料で、行き先も情報閲覧だけなら大半は無料だ。 一般の人も読んで楽しめるよう「特集」を充実させており、公開時には「脳トレ」などで知られる川島隆太・東北大加齢医学研究所教授のインタビューを12回(3カ月)に分けて連載する。毎朝の新聞各紙の科学技術ニュースも紹介する。 また、研究者や理工系学生向けに、求人情報、研究費の公募、研究所の記者発表資料、官公庁の報告書や白書、8月までの学会カレンダー、論文や文献のデータベースなど専門情報も豊富だ。今後は大学へも情報提供を呼びかけるという。沖村憲樹理事長は「科学技術の今が分かり、知的好奇心も満たせる、役に立つ案内窓口にしたい」と話している。URLはhttp://scienceportal.jp【元村有希子】 毎日新聞 2006年6月10日 19時06分 URL http //www.mainichi-msn.co.jp/science/kagaku/news/20060611k0000m040031000c.html タイム誌が選んだもっともクールなウェブサイト 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Arts and Entertainment A party mix of amusements, from virtual art galleries to TV trivia to talk radio for your iPod, plus some of the best humor writing on the Web By MARYANNE MURRAY BUECHNER 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Complete List 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Blogs 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Lifestyle, Health and Hobbies 50 Coolest Websites 2005 News and Information 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Shopping PLUS A Class by Themselves Google, Yahoo, MSN and AOL How-To So You Want To Be A Blogger Posted Monday, Jun. 20, 2005 Animation Aardman Animations http //www.aardman.com The official site of the studio that created Wallace, the hapless yet well-meaning, cheese-loving inventor, and Gromit, his faithful canine companion, is a treasure trove of video clips (click on Show Reel) and links to character sites including www.wandg.com, where you can get a behind-the-scenes look at the making of Wallace Gromit s first feature-length movie, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit, due in theaters in October. Books The Complete Review http //www.complete-review.com This well-organized, easy-to-search compendium of book reviews?last we checked, there were 1,430 titles covered?includes editor s picks and bestseller lists by year. The site links to (and vets) dozens of literary weblogs, from Bookninja to Mobylives to its own Literary Saloon. The Review Index lets you search for books by author or title, genre or nationality; you can read the site s own review or click to read reviews published elsewhere. Classical Music Opus 1 Classical http //www.opus1classical.com A rich, expansive resource for music fans more into Handel than hip-hop, Opus 1 provides information on classical music concerts, festivals and opera in dozens of cities across the globe. You can browse by city and calendar month, or try the Venue Finder. Listings include program information and links to where to buy tickets. Collections New York Public Library s Digital Gallery http //digitalgallery.nypl.org Lose yourself in this vast collection of rare prints, vintage maps, manuscripts, posters, photographs, sheet-music covers, dust jackets, menus, cigarette cards and other artifacts. There are more than 300,000 digital images of original materials available for viewing. Access is free, and you can download images to your computer for personal or research use. The My Digital page will store your favorite discoveries along with your search history. Galleries The Museum of Online Museums http //www.coudal.com/moom.php This elegantly-designed portal links to established museum and gallery sites such as those run by the Museum of Modern Art, The Bauhaus Archive and The Art Institute of Chicago. It will also introduce you to countless other online collections, from Van Gogh s letters to Chinese postage stamps to Manhole Covers of the World. For more, go to the MoOM Annex. Games Orisinal http //orisinal.com Dozens of free Web-based games, gorgeously designed and relatively simple to play, which is perfect for non-gamers looking for an engaging way to waste time. Choices are presented as icons on the home page (no names, no explanations) but this only heightens the joy of discovery. Keep spiders off your cake, protect dragonflies from rhinoceros beetles, toss tiny umbrellas to baby birds as they fall out of their nest?all you need is your mouse and maybe your arrow keys to maneuver. For more silly diversions, try Little Fluffy Industries, which is part blog, part portal editors review and link to new online games every day. Humor McSweeney s Internet Tendency http //www.mcsweeneys.net This site has amused and delighted fans for years, but has hit new levels of inspiration with funny bits like the recent Baseball Knowledge Will Not Help You Pick Up Girls. There s an archive full of Lists (Embarrassing Things That Might Happen to You While Using a Lightsaber) and Reviews of New Food (on blowing bubbles with Skittles gum "You would have far better luck coaxing a sphere out of chewed-up crayon and oatmeal"). Affiliated with, but separate and distinct from, the quarterly print literary journal McSweeney s. More Funny Stuff Ze s Page http //www.zefrank.com The site began four years ago with "How To Dance Properly," a series of short looped video clips that web designer Frank posted online to amuse friends. The link was passed around like a virus you wanted to catch; within days millions had logged on, and a Web star was born. Today, Ze s page hosts a huge collection of interactive toys and games, comedic writings and humorous video monologues. Podcasting Podcast Bunker http //www.podcastbunker.com The Web s best source of talk radio for your iPod. Unlike other sites that offer podcasts for downloading, such as podcastalley.com and ipodder.org (two other good sources in their own right), Podcast Bunker evaluates each feed for audio quality and content and only lists the best stuff. Click the Quick Guide for the full list of recommended programs, plus 30-second previews. Radio Mercora http //www.mercora.com Got a fabulous digital music collection, but don t like breaking the law to share it? This peer-to-peer service is legal, because listeners don t actually download any music. Instead, they stream music on their computers that is webcast over the Internet by other members. (The company does have to pay webcasting royalties to copyright holders, and charges some user fees to cover them.) The offerings are listed in the traditional peer-to-peer way, noting artist, album, song title?in this case, the one currently playing?and source. Basic service is free, but limited to 30 minutes of listening a day. For $5 a month ($48 if you pre-pay for the year) you get unlimited listening time and can save up to 10 hours of programming for listening later. Premier members can also download the IMDJ application and create up to five different channels. Honorable mention Underheard.org, which makes independent and community radio available for streaming or downloading to your portable audio player. Television TV.com http //www.tv.com An ambitious guide to what s on television. The All Shows index is organized by category (Comedy, Drama, Children s Talk, Soaps, Reality, Sci-Fi and so on); browse from A to Z or by decade. You ll find everything from the Life and Times of Juniper Lee to The Adventures of Rin Tin Tin. But of the 14,000 shows in the database, only 2,500 of them have content that s fully fleshed out, so the idea is to have fans help fill in the rest. Register for a free account to write (or edit) plot summaries and episode recaps, contribute trivia tidbits or write reviews. (The website s editors review every submission before it is posted.) The News page reports tidbits like Patrick Stewart s heart-attack scare and Megan Mullally s talk show deal. For a snarkier take on what s on the tube, there s always televisionwithoutpity.com. TITLE TIME.com 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Arts and Entertainment DATE 2005/06/22 11 43 URL http //www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1073316,00.html 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Blogs For most Netizens, Web logs?reading them, writing them, or both?have become a way of life. So this year, they get their own category By MARYANNE MURRAY BUECHNER SUBSCRIBE TO TIMEPRINTE-MAILMORE BY AUTHOR50 Coolest Websites 2005 Complete List Posted Monday, Jun. 20, 2005 Eavesdropping Overheard in New York www.overheardinnewyork.com Amusing verbatim accounts of stuff people say to each other in public. Anybody can submit; just email your (brief) transcript to the editors for consideration. Overheardintheoffice.com is equally hilarious. Warning on both sites, some material is not suitable for children, and profanity, stupidity or bigotry is generally kept intact. Cars Jalopnik, Autoblog http //www.jalopnik.com, www.autoblog.com Crazy about cars? Between these two blogs, you should be able to feed the beast within. Jalopnik s scribblings have more personality ("Volkswagen continues to tease us like the self-hating louts we are, releasing another teaspoon s worth of details on its yet-unnamed convertible....") while Autoblog delivers industry news straight-up ("Hybrids are Hot Honda sells 100,000"). Bonus link 10 Hot Vehicles for Techies, from the new cars.cnet.com. Celebrity Slams Go Fug Yourself gofugyourself.typepad.com A daily shredding of the sartorial choices of Hollywood stars, complete with photographic evidence. To wit Parts of Courtney Love s new, larger body "are sort of sloshing around, uncontained, like a Big Gulp spilling all over your gear shift when you take a turn too fast." Chloe Sevigny proves "high-waisted pants are the spawn of Satan s sewing machine." Confessional Art PostSecret postsecret.blogspot.com A fascinating public airing of private thoughts?some dark, others funny, endearing or disturbing?written on homemade postcards and collected by blogger Frank Warren of Germantown, Maryland. Anyone can contribute, and thousands have. Just make a card and mail it to Warren?he suggests that you be brief, legible and creative?and, if he likes it, he ll scan it and post it on his site. The range of efforts (meticulous, sloppy, artful, ponderous) will astound you. Design MoCo Loco www.mocoloco.com Blogger Harry Wakefield of Montreal keeps you plugged in to the world of modern contemporary design and architecture. Whether you re a serious buyer or only wish you could be, you ll enjoy scrolling through page after page of photos and descriptions of cutting-edge products, materials and decorating concepts, organized by category (furniture, lighting, jewelry, bathroom fixtures, wallcoverings and more). Entries include links to manufacturers and retailers. EBay Watch Bayraider bayraider.tv Bayraider ferrets out the silliest, freakiest stuff being auctioned on eBay and other auction sites?a laser-etched Buddha, say, or the Slightly Used and Possibly Defective Husband kit?and provides direct links to where you can place your bid. There are things you may actually want, too. Discoveries are organized by category (Music, Sporty Stuff, Weird). New from Shiny Media, a U.K. weblog company. Entrepreneurs Allen s Blog www.allensblog.typepad.com Allen Morgan, managing director at Mayfield?a venture capital firm in Menlo Park, California?backer of Beatnik, PlanetOut, Tribe and Pluck ?guides entrepreneurs on how to pitch ideas and get financing. The recent "10 Commandments" series on how to handle those critical meetings with VCs is a must-read. Food Chocolate and Zucchini www.chocolateandzucchini.com The blogger here is English-speaking Parisian Clotilde Dusoulier, who professes to love every food-related act, from shopping for ingredients to garnishing a plate to consuming the results, and recounts all of it with unpretentious aplomb. Recipes are indexed. Extras include a Bloxicon page, where you can brush up on French culinary terms from cassoulet to ganache, and a helpful Conversions cheat sheet. Honorable mention The Accidental Hedonist, written with flair by one Kate Hopkins. Newsy, political and practical all at once (she offers 14 pointers "for better enjoyment of your cheese" in a May 27 post). The quotes on each page ("My favorite animal is steak." -Fran Lebowitz ) are like the cherry on top. General Interest Boing Boing www.boingboing.net A grab bag of links to cool, odd and interesting things happening online and off?like the bit about the engineering student who cobbled together an air conditioner using a fan and a bucket of ice water, and the Florida couple who found the image of Jesus on a Lay s potato chip. Gadget news, kitsch, digital art and disturbing consumer trends are all fair game for the Boing Boing team, which solicits, and vets, suggestions from the audience. Humor Anonymous Lawyer www.anonymouslawyer.blogspot.com Deadpan and ironic, this delicious insider account of life at a big law firm is pure fiction?and should be required reading for attorneys who haven t yet learned how to laugh at themselves. Being a lawyer, according to the author, boils down to "fooling clients into believing [we] have some real expertise and using fear and manipulation to extort excessive hourly fees." He rails against idiot clients, partners and associates, admitting "you can t work at a place like this and have integrity." But he s not offering apologies, only rationalizations. What separates him from the "truly evil," he writes, is this "I know when I m over the line. I do it anyway, but I know." Motherhood Dooce www.dooce.com Hilarious personal blog by one Heather B. Armstrong of Salt Lake City, Utah, a whip-smart, sassy (and sometimes vulgar) stay-at-home mom. Even the exploding poop stories are good. Also DotMoms links to dozens of blogs written by parents about parenting. Not all of them are "momoirs;" some of the bloggers are dads. Photography Chromasia www.chromasia.com Instead of text, each daily post is a single (beautiful) photograph taken by amateur enthusiast David J. Nightingale of Blackpool, England. Tiny arrows at the top left-hand corner of the page allow you to view other images; to scan Nightingale s entire online portfolio (some 543 images to date), click on Thumbs. The Archives section offers a detailed description of each image, including how it was shot (which camera, type of lens, shutter speed, etc.). The Snowsuit Effort is also excellent; featuring close-ups of the individuals photoblogger Ryan Keberly meets on the streets of Detroit and the things they say. For a Top 100 list of photoblogs and a directory organized by country and language, visit Photoblogs.org. Baseball SportsBlogs Nation sbnation.com Home base for nearly two-dozen baseball blogs, most of them devoted to specific teams. There s Lookout Landing (for Seattle Mariners fans), Fish Stripes (about the Florida Marlins) and Amazin Avenue (Mets), as well as the terrific Beyond the Box Score and John Sickel s Minor League Ball. And each one has a diary where readers can chime in?a feature SportsBlogs Nation co-founder Markos Moulitsas Zuniga ported over from his popular (leftie) political blog, Daily Kos. If you blog about a team not yet represented here, make yourself known?score a spot on the roster and you get a piece of the ad revenue. Also good BaseballBlogs.org Technology Lifehacker www.lifehacker.com "Don t live to geek; geek to live." This site, one of the latest blogs from Gawker Media (backer of Wonkette, Fleshbot, Gizmodo and a slew of others, including our next pick), dispenses sound tech advice with the understanding that computers can be frustrating, time-sucking monsters that we can t do without. There s an invaluable set of links running down the right-hand side of the home page, covering spyware cleaners, spam filters, online photo sharing and more. For the fashion-tech report (Hello Kitty cell phones, desktop fondue) visit PopGadget. Travel Gridskipper www.gridskipper.com Its mission to "scour" the web for juicy tidbits on urban travel, nightlife and culture, "with one eye on sophistication and the other on playful debauchery." Posts point out neighborhoods, restaurants and activities you probably won t read about in other guides, with a healthy mix of the practical and self-indulgent. A typical entry might cover a summer music festival or obscure art exhibit, or link to the World s 100 Sexiest Hotels. TITLE TIME.com 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Blogs DATE 2005/06/22 11 43 URL http //www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1072872,00.html Web Exclusive | Business (3) 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Lifestyle, Health and Hobbies Eat better. Share digital photos. Network with your neighbors?or your neighbor s dogs By MARYANNE MURRAY BUECHNER SUBSCRIBE TO TIMEPRINTE-MAILMORE BY AUTHOR50 Coolest Websites 2005 Complete List 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Arts and Entertainment 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Blogs 50 Coolest Websites 2005 News and Information 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Shopping PLUS A Class by Themselves Google, Yahoo, MSN and AOL How-To So You Want To Be A Blogger Posted Monday, Jun. 20, 2005 JOHN NORMILE / GETTY IMAGES CHOICES, CHOICES Flavorpill tells you what s going on Culture Flavorpill www.flavorpill.net Music, art, fashion and other carefully selected event highlights in five cities New York, San Francisco, Los Angeles, London and Chicago. Type in your email address to get the weekly newsletter for the urban mecca of your choice, and you ll always know just what to do with your free time. Cancer Care Cancer Nutrition Info www.cancernutritioninfo.com "Scientifically sound" nutrition advice for people living with cancer, created by cancer nutrition specialist and epidemiologist Suzanne Dixon. The site s mission is to review and interpret the latest research; it has no corporate ties, doesn t sell anything or push any special program. Some content is free, but to access the rest?including a searchable database of referenced articles, recipes and clinical trial information?you must pay $15 a year. Digital Photography Flickr flickr.com This public showroom for personal pics just might be the fastest-growing social network on the Web, and it s completely addictive. You upload your images and assign each an identifying tag; these tags help other members find your stuff, and you theirs. You can join groups and create new ones, post comments about particular images and designate favorites. Free membership is limited to 20 megabytes worth of uploads per month. Turn Pro and pay $25 a year for a host of other perks. Fashion ZooZoom www.zoozoom.com Impressively-designed zine featuring high-quality, full-screen photos of beautiful models in designer clothes. Musicians and artists are also featured, along with more serious works of photojournalism. Food Food 411 www.food411.com A huge, searchable directory of food-related websites, primarily where to buy stuff online, whether you need particular items for cooking or serving (meat, cheese, nuts) or complete meals delivered to your door. The main menu on the home page is essentially a list of lists, but it s comprehensive and fairly well-organized?the Food Reads section, for example, is divided into magazines, books, blogs and recipe sites. The Organic Foods page, under Healthwise, has 19 links. Home Improvement CNET Digital Home DIY digitalhome.cnet.com Interactive video tutorials teach non-geeks how to upgrade to high-definition TV, set up a wireless home network or stream digital music from a computer to another room in the house. The "convince me" pages offer reasons why you should take on a particular job in the first place-which comes in handy if you ve got a skeptical spouse with veto power. Visitors are invited to vote on which projects CNET s experts should tackle next. Longevity The Living to 100 Life Expectancy Calculator www.livingto100.com Take this quiz to find out how long you will live. You ll also get a full dose of health and nutrition advice based on your answers to the questions. Affiliated with the not-for-profit Alliance for Aging Research. Pets Dogster www.dogster.com It was only a matter of time before someone created a Friendster for dogs, and this one is too goofy to resist. The site is easy to use?each pup gets a home page, complete with profile, photos and links to all his pals. (What s hard is explaining yourself to the not-so-crazy-about-canines crowd.) Special tool buttons to give a treat, invite friendship, send a message or read a diary. Social Networking I-Neighbors www.ineighbors.org The brainchild of a group of students and teachers from MIT, I-Neighbors offers a free and easy way for residents of a given community to exchange information (and maybe even bond). Search by zip code to see if anybody s already created a home page for your neighborhood; if not, you can create your own. It takes just a few minutes to register, and your profile can be as vague or specific as you like. Provide an email address to be included in the directory and to receive group emails. You can add events to the calendar, recommend cleaning ladies and handymen, upload photos, even contact elected officials (see GovLink). Of course, whether a neighborhood thrives or dies depends on the participation of its members. Is yours a ghost town? The site provides a ready-to-print flyer for posting at the gym or corner deli to help advertise the link and drum up interest. TITLE TIME.com 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Lifestyle, Health and Hobbies DATE 2005/06/22 11 44 URL http //www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1073326,00.html Web Exclusive | Business (4) 50 Coolest Websites 2005 News and Information New ways to search the Web?for fast facts, for jobs, for anything?plus other online resources By MARYANNE MURRAY BUECHNER SUBSCRIBE TO TIMEPRINTE-MAILMORE BY AUTHOR50 Coolest Websites 2005 Complete List 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Arts and Entertainment 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Blogs 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Lifestyle, Health and Hobbies 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Shopping PLUS A Class by Themselves Google, Yahoo, MSN and AOL How-To So You Want To Be A Blogger Posted Monday, Jun. 20, 2005 AND NOW FOR THE NEWS Some of the video available on Blinkx TV News Blinkx.tv www.blinkxtv.com Search for TV news clips and other video bits from more than two dozen sources, including ABC News, BBC News, Fox News, ESPN and C-Span. There s plenty of lighter fare, too?a search for Nicole Kidman pulled up a documentary clip from Biography.com and assorted movie reviews and trailers. Blinkx has its own way of indexing clips that makes it more effective than other video search engines for finding particular segments within a broadcast, and each video stream starts off at the point in the segment that s most relevant to your query. Consumer Protection Identity Theft Resource Center www.idtheftcenter.org A surge of identity-theft crimes in recent months makes this a must-read for consumers looking for tips on how to avoid trouble and what to do if the worst happens (see Victim Guides, under Victim Resources). There are tips for businesses too. Run by a San Diego-based nonprofit organization of the same name. General Reference Answers.com www.answers.com When you want basic information about someone or something, try plugging your query into Answers.com s general search field, or browse the ever-expanding Directory of reference material. The information you pull up will include dictionary definitions and encyclopedia articles culled from resources licensed from a variety of publishers. The site draws heavily from Wikipedia, a free online encyclopedia written entirely by volunteers?anybody can contribute or edit articles, and some 16,000 have (there are 500,000 entries in English; the 2005 Encyclopaedia Brittanica has 65,000). See here for more on the wiki phenomenon. Answers.com also provides free plug-ins you can download to your desktop for even quicker access to these fast facts. Independent News OhMyNews International english.ohmynews.com This English-language version of the Korea-based "open-source" news organization invites readers to become "citizen reporters" and contribute their own news stories, opinion pieces and photo essays. ("Say bye-bye to the backwards newspaper culture of the 20th Century," beckons the membership registration page.) Use the Talk Back forum to upload. Jobs Indeed, SimplyHired, Workzoo www.indeed.com, www.simplyhired.com, www.workzoo.com When looking for a job, it s always best to cast a wide net. Each of these job search engines has its own look and feel, but the basic approach is the same they all trawl the web for relevant job listings based on your search parameters. We ran identical searches on all three, with bountiful results. Each generated a different set of leads, culled from a variety of different sources. including Monster and HotJobs, the two biggest job sites. Might as well have all three help you with the hunt. Legal Matters FindLaw www.findlaw.com The For the Public section contains a truckload of information and resources on everything from living wills to bankruptcy to divorce. Other areas are designed for students, businesses and legal professionals. Well-organized, and extremely useful. Politics Public Agenda www.publicagenda.org Public Agenda is a nonpartisan, nonprofit organization that conducts public opinion surveys on a variety of hot-button issues, interprets mainstream views and then compares them with the political rhetoric on the right and the left. The site s Issue Guides cover dozens of topics, from abortion to immigration to the right to die. Web Search Clusty www.clusty.com Google, Yahoo and MSN dominate search, but we re always on the lookout for an innovative approach. This metasearch engine from Vivisimo clusters results by sub-category to help you zero in on what you need?an approach AOL will take on the new aol.com, launching in July (see sidebar). For more cool new search tech, try Grokker, where Yahoo Search query results are displayed as a circular map. TITLE TIME.com 50 Coolest Websites 2005 News and Information DATE 2005/06/22 11 44 URL http //www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1073329,00.html Web Exclusive | Business (5) 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Shopping Here you ll find a price-oriented search engine and the best place to buy shoes; a far-reaching travel portal and prime ground for gag gifts. By MARYANNE MURRAY BUECHNER SUBSCRIBE TO TIMEPRINTE-MAILMORE BY AUTHOR50 Coolest Websites 2005 Complete List 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Arts and Entertainment 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Blogs 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Lifestyle, Health and Hobbies 50 Coolest Websites 2005 News and Information PLUS A Class by Themselves Google, Yahoo, MSN and AOL How-To So You Want To Be A Blogger Posted Wednesday, Jun. 22, 2005 SENA VIDANAGAMA / AFP / GETTY IMAGES WELCOME ABOARD Find great prices on cruises and other travel on Sidestep Travel Bookings Sidestep.com sidestep.com A couple of years ago we christened SideStep one of the coolest websites around, but since then it has added a whole bunch of new features?including a handy Web-only version of its travel search engine (it started out as a downloadable application for your PC, and that toolbar is still available) and separate search engines for vacation packages and cruises. You can also try newcomer Kayak.com, which promises to scour more than 100 websites to find the best deals on airfare and hotel rooms?but only SideStep includes Orbitz.com listings in its search results. If you re picky about your plane seat assignment, Seat Guru provides detailed information (material, amount of legroom, location of video monitors and exit rows, whether there s a power port for your laptop nearby, etc.) by airline and type of aircraft. Mouse over icons on seating charts to get the lay of the land. Classifieds Craigslist www.craigslist.org We repeat this previous "50 Coolest" pick because it just keeps getting better?there are separate sites listing ads for bikes, boats, baby gear, musical instruments, jobs, apartments (you name it) in 120 cities in 25 countries. Only certain businesses pay listing fees. LiveDeal.com likewise works to connect buyers and sellers who share a zip code, to facilitate sales of used items that are difficult to ship?or that most people would want to try before buying (furniture, cars)? something you can t do on, say, eBay. Comparison Shopping Shopzilla www.shopzilla.com BizRate s new-and-improved shopping search engine lets you quickly compare prices from the different online stores that sell the item you want. If your search words are broad, you ll get a list of Departments to choose from, and you can refine your search by price range, brand and other distinguishing features. Merchant ratings, a series of scores based on consumer feedback (we re talking hundreds of responses at least) help with the decision-making. Click the "All Depts." link at the top of the page to find an alphabetized list of hundreds of highly specific product categories, from action figures to yogurt makers. Covers some 30 million products from 55,000 retailers worldwide. Deal of the Day Woot! www.woot.com Here a consumer electronics distributor unloads excess inventory of a single item each day at a steep discount. One day it could be a home theater system, the next a digital camera. The item is available until it sells out, or until 11 59 pm Central Time that night, whichever happens first. This oddball approach has generated a cult following, which keeps the community forums abuzz with product reviews and other chatter. Selection of one too limited for you? Try Overstock.com, a perennial favorite among bargain hunters that sells excess inventory at great prices. New to that site auctions. Kitsch Archie McPhee www.mcphee.com Seattle-based shop hawking all sorts of odd and wonderful things, like Bacon Strips Bandages (see Hygiene, under Lifestyle), Pink Lawn Whirlygigs (Lawn Garden), Jesus, Beethoven and Edgar Allen Poe action figures (Amusements) and much, much more. Other product categories include Pirate, Hula, Voodoo and Elvis. Shoes Zappos.com www.zappos.com Positively the best place to buy shoes online. The site s selection is massive, and browsing is a breeze. Click the Women s, Men s or Kid s buttons at the top of the page to narrow your search by type (slingbacks, mary janes, mules...) or scan the list of brands (there are hundreds?everything except Nike). When you see a pair you like, select Multi View to examine it from all angles. Free shipping is a standing offer, and orders arrive quickly. Also check out Zappos Couture. When Things Go Wrong Complaints.com www.complaints.com Come here to kvetch about a product that malfunctioned or that customer service rep that let you down, or read about other people s experiences. The site, run by Sagacity Corp., will forward your complaint letters to any business, provided you include the email address; it does not act as an advocate or mediator, only as a forum for taking your case public. TITLE TIME.com 50 Coolest Websites 2005 Shopping DATE 2005/06/22 11 45 URL http //www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1073341,00.html
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There are some arguments against NEON OO Model on which Mops and Win32Forth are based. Most of those arguments stands on some implicit presuppositions that lead to the conclusionthat NEON OO Model is bad. I hate to participate in political debates disdaining something. But I will try here to defend NEON OO Model against tricky arguments. By the way, I never try to refute other OO models than that of Mops. Simply I want to free Mops OO Model from wrong images. An Object should be passed via parameter stack in Forth dialects? In Object Orientation Semantics, Object is a receiver of messages and an actor. It is not considered as a Data or Parameter or other thing to be passed to a procedure via parameter stack. Surely, an object is internally some data in Mops and Win32Forth, too. But the fact belongs to the implementation details. Implementation detail is another problem than the syntax and semantics of a language. If one says objects must be data so that they must be passed via parameter stack as parameters, the one is losing sight of OO semantics and sticking to the second class or pseudo OO, say, "Data Orientation". Of course, it is never wrong in itself for objects to be able to be passed as parameters. The objectID (normally pointer) of an object is surely a datum. But at the same time it could not be called a defect of the system if an object would not be passed as a parameter in normal message sending. So "selector object" syntax is never worse than "object selector" syntax from the view of OO semantics (human interpretation). Or rather "selector object" syntax is better in message sending appearance in my opinion because it distiguishes the actor (object) from parameters to be processed by it. The fact that Selector cannot be ticked hinders extensibility. By the way, why can Selector always be ticked? Tick pushes xt of the word ticked to data stack. Which xt? Selector is not a word in that its execution semantics is undefined without combining witha class or object. Surely, after defining a way of binding a selector can be ticked. That is, we can do in NEON Model AMETHOD SELECTOR [] ; AMETHOD But it is because by defining the selector as being late bound, looking for the appropriate method of a passed object through class linkage becomes a part of contents of SELECTOR s execution semantics.The opinion that a selecor should always be tickable is based on a presupposition thatselector always has its definite execution semantics.But the presupposition itself is false in NEON Model.In OO semantics of NEON Model it is object, not selector that looks for method in its class on gentting message. Normal selector in NEON model is a part of message but not a name of a procedure by itself. Still you need early bound method xt? If so you can do in PowerMops ref ACLASS AnObjRef no_subclasses \ ossia ObjPtr AnObjRef class_is ACLASS AMETHOD ( param1 param2 ... ^obj -- ? ) - AnObjRef SELECTOR AnObjRef ; AMETHOD Or you need faster late bound method xt using a methods table? If so you can do in PowerMops ref ACLASS AnObjRef AMETHOD ( param1 param2 ... ^obj -- ? ) - AnObjRef SELECTOR AnObjRef ; AMETHOD AnObjRef can be a temporary (that is, local) object when it is declared with "ref". Addition (8/3/06) An object could be seen as an actor or data+index to method. parameters selector object syntax shows the object as an actor and parameters+selector=message as Input to the object. That is, selector is a part of input to object.It is default OO syntax of NEON model, so we cannot reproduce the process or function from selector via tick. Why could we know from a part of the input, the process in which it will be thrown? On the other hand, Mops allows also to see an object as data+index to method.Index to method is a pointer to the class or to the method table in PowerMops.Other optional arrangements for method binding represent this consideration. Smalltalk-like late bind is slow. Yes, it is slow compared with early bind. Late bind is about 20 times slower than early bind in some bench mark code in PowerMops.But early bound method is very fast in PowerMops. Although it can not be generalized, early bound method of PowerMops on PPC seems to be about 5 times faster than equivalent non-OO code in GForth native on x86 machine in CPU clock base from some data. Anyway, PowerMops early bound method is really fast.Late bind is slower than _it_. On PowerPC, PowerMops late bound method is about 10 % faster than non-OO equivalent codein GForth 0.6.2. Damn slow? Definitely NO. In reality, iterative late binding (polymorphism) happens often on a heavy task in itself like "DRAW".In such a case over head concerning method binding is almost negligible. Besides. Who can say NEON Model is incompatible with a vtable like late bind?PowerMops class does build a methods table. It is not the matter of OO model.Again, an implementation detail!PowerMops doesn t require something like VIRTUAL declarations of methods, unlike C++.Quite handy. To tell the truth, PowerMops normal (wihout vtable) late binding implementation has a special search optimization (acceleration) mechanism. As the result, it becomes fast as it is.System implementer can and should elaborate one s implementation in order to make the system fit with the preference, unless the implementation details should be controlled by others. Conclusion An argument such that using such and such technique internally is bad will come typically from the view of language system implementers, not from that of users of the language. We could see the OO feature of a language as one of the tools to write application in the language. Implementation details could be left to the ingenuity of system implementers.Then we could concentrate the syntax-semantics relation of OO constructs.In this respect NEON model is not bad. If you have your own (favorite) Forth with OO extension different from NEON model,NEON model may look bad and ununderstandable. So what?From my experience Mops OO feature is very good for application programming.But if you don t understand and never have done programming in Mops, Mops code will look like unreadable. That would hold for any languages.The strength of OO syntax of PowerMops may be best realized when you are writing some application in PowerMops. -- Maybe not when you are trying to implement the OO model for your system. Theories concerning OO generally look like bound by (negatively or positively) the world view of Algol family (C, C++, Java). But Forth is flexible and extensible language, instead of inflexible and fixed language, like C.Why do we need to worry about OO theories build (aversively) on (procedural or sometimes even including hybrid type) Algol family languages?Java model may be good (the best? how about Objective-C? you stick to the (a bit old) industry and/or scholastic standard? It may be ok. But unfortunately we are free from such a credo.) OO construct in context of C. But its OO syntax and semantics look still in half way. "When an object is passed as a parameter to a procedure,the procedure checks the class and ..." This sounds like always-virtualized C++. But we really need it on Forth?Surely NEON model didn t look like (reversed) Java. But so what? Is it a bad signal in itself? In my opinion, the thought that an object is data is a quite low level idea.Even if such a thought is allowable, taking an object quite the same as other parameters is wrong according to the standard OO way of thinking. It might be better to push object IDs onto another stack than normal parameter stack in that such a thought, at least, is not confusing objects with data parameters.But once we suppose a special object stack to which objects are dynamically pushed at runtime, default late binding begins to look very natural in order to send messages consecutively to anonymous objects in the object stack. This thought seems to treat objects as a group of data.This grouping is realized as class-structures in Java or C++. Late binding loosens tight and narrow restrictions of class-as-type mechanism in Java or C++,and virtual method utilize this looser grouping. So late binding (sometimes identified with polymorphism) is seen as the true establishment of OO for Java or C++. In this philosophy, an instance (individual) is derived from its group (whole or class structure). Building the structure (set-subset grouping) is more important than individual objects. Objects (instances) are processed by something (method) according to the group they belongs to. Methods are the first class entities in this view, so each of them should have the independent meaning inspite of naming collisions.This is quite different from the philosophy of NEON model where the property of an individual object is more important than class structure, and the structure is a mere result of the similarity of properties among objects. Objects (instances) process some data as processors using their methods.Objects are the first class entities and methods are secondary (ancillary) to the object that knows them. Surely, PowerMops uses systemcall functions. Those are written in C++ so that a system object is a data -- low level object -- to be passed as a parameter to a function.But we know our OO model can cohabit with it because ours lives at higher level. In NEON OO model we don t need to stick to the lower level to keep low level accessibility because our moving to the higer level never sacrifice the lower level constructs. Such a cohabitation of low level and high level is Forth, I think. In my humble opinion, C++ or Java looks like taking a side road to OO. In Smalltalk or NEON model we think that an object has its ability (functionality) and propertiesand shares those with other objects by inheritance. While in C++ or Java all such things seem to be treated in view of accessibility. It is not, of course, illogical. But at the same time such accessibility definitions can be so much complicated thatan object cannot be recognizable as a semantically definite entity. I suspect that this growing tendency of the complication of rules to define wether to allow/prohibit accessing may cause, so to speak, concentration of abstract class structure and thought that an object is a mere data because such a complication is very likely to break the unity of an object as an actor. Of course, such way of thinking or programming habit comming from the C++ or Java situation is neither bad nor good in and by itself. My point is that different presuppositions will lead to different ways of thinking or programming habits. Terribly bad design fom one point of view may not be so bad from another point of view, vice versa. We should reflect on which presupposition we are putting in evaluating something. That s all. Mops default method binding is said to be Early Binding. But it is programming-default or a kind of standard, not interpreter and/or compiler default. Mops allows plural ways of message sending. But the way of binding is always explicit in code. Mops doesn t try to force programmers to take one certain way. It simply leaves many possibility to the programmers.It may be considered bad in the world of standard programming. But if they were true, Forth itself would be bad.Additionally we never confuse normal words with messages to invoke corresponding methodsin Mops code because they obey distinguishable syntax rules. Word and selector are different entities in NEON model, so they look different in Mops code. It is natural, I think. NEON OO model is said to be based on Smalltalk model.It is true that Smalltalk is too different from Forth since it is pure OO language. But we should be able to learn from Smalltalk (or other pure OO language) a natural and straightforward OO syntax-semantics correspondence, and think about its realization in Forth. From this point of view, NEON model has a excellent mesage sending appearance in my opinion. Moreover, advantages of NEON model are more in practical aspects of programming than in theoretical ones.This achivement is surely an evidence of Forth s tremendous expressive power since whole the OO construct has been written in Forth. Or you insist we should keep Forth pure? Well, but we never lose the pure Forth by adding OO constructs. Supplying NEON OO feature will never prevent us from programming in pure Forth.It is the strength of Forth we are referring to. You may need a simplicity. But there is no THE simplicity. Simple doesn t always mean short code.Fortunately, everything is already simple in Forth -- aren t you confused by your implicit suppositions?You may say "we should wipe it hour by hour and let no dust alight".But we will reply "it is always clean so where can the dust alight?"(Zen of Forth). Appendix a defect of some of Object-Method syntax (unfinished) My argument was(is) supposing PowerMops as a typical example of NEON OO model. And I treated only standard OO syntax of PowerMops. PowerMops has some OO related features that were not mentioned above.For example PowerMops allows also object-method(+class information) syntax for binding. We can select one way according to the situation. PowerMops class can have a method whose content may be different object-wise, and, when needed, can be changed dynamically. But this feature is achived by xt-variable functionality, which is already in standard Forth.That is, PowerMops solves this problem via instance variables, not inheritance. Since standard Forth already has the solution, NEON model doesn t need additional theoretically sophisticated late binding mechanism or other OO functionality to solve it. (I don t know what OO features Win32Forth has. But I think what features PowerMops has could be implemented in Win32Forth.) This article was written as a reaction agaist the claim "message-object syntax is bad or simply wrong". So, this article doesn t contain all features of PowerMops OO. I used an OO semantics to support message-object syntax. But I am not a Dogmatiker. I never insist that this semantics is one only theoretical foundation for PowerMops OO coding.I have never imagined that every PowerMops user should first be taken by this semantics to understand the OO code in PowerMops. My intention was simply that since one simple and understandable semantics can support message-object syntax, this syntax should have some reason. So I think that a claim "message-object syntax is bad or simply wrong" was shown to be baseless. I like PowerMops OO syntax by practical reason, not by dogmatical one. I have been thinking about philosophy to support PowerMops language including pure Forth part.But the motivation comes from experience of real coding on PowerMops.I have realized PowerMops is very powerful. Moreover PowerMops, which is optimizing native Forth compiler for PowerPC with OO feature based on NEON model, is wholly written in Mops.That means, PowerMops itself is an example software of NEON type OOP. And its syntax and semantics make communication with other programmers by codequite easy.I have been trying to undestand what in PowerMops language makes it so (in my opinion) great. I found Dogmatikers tend to hate NEON OO model, or even Forth ideas.Perhaps, because those ideas doesn t fit for their dogma.It is true, theory may help to simplfy the grammar of programming language. But excessive simplification could cause practical confusion. What I call practical reason to favour PowerMops, is the fact that what we are doing is clear from the code in PowerMops. Selectors have a bit different appearance from normal words.By that, we can easily realize whether certain part of the code is written in OO or in normal Forth. In all cases of OO coding, selector supposes object near by and may be followed by class name or certain token, which are context elements used to define appropriate method. (I tend to think such a combination of words as a "phrase", which is an extension of concept ‘word’.)The context is very local. It is consumed with one selector. (Well, now PowerMops has a syntax to extend the context in a case. But the ends of the context can be made clear in code.) Locality of information for interpretation of code is important factor for readble code. I realized that in some OO Forth using object-method syntax, object and method cannot be distinguished from normal Forth word in the names.And according to object-method synax theory, object (or class name) switches the contexts.Since we cannot see whether a word is an object or a normal forth word from its name,object can be said to cause implicit context change.Introducing implicit context change in a language is a really bad idea, I believe.OO system of such type will be, sooner or later, unable to live without some naming convention,such as, Begin Object name by a capital letter, etc.. But setting conventions will be too weak to avoid all possible problems coming from implicit context change. For example aFile dup may duplicate ‘aFile’ (File duplication when dup is a mothod of file). Or ‘aFile’ may do something and ‘dup’ duplicate a stack item. How could you know which is the case from this line?If you know aFile is an object and has a method ‘dup’, the definition of dup will be found in method implementation (definitioin). But the method operating code above doesn t contain the information. That is, introducing implicit context change may break the reliability of normal forth words in the meaning of the actions when reading code(especially when debugging the code other programmers wrote). In Reality, syntactical details are trivial. Implementing some features or flavors is also trivial in Forth based environment. Anything isn t very difficult to implement in Forth environment compared with some other languages. But I think confusing syntax should be avoided, even if that might be a result of exact mapping of OO to standard Forth syntax. Surely, good programmers could avoid all such troubles by some coding conventions or goood memory.Some may say, "I have no problem with that. So it is perfect."OK. I could believe it is true for you. But how about anyone other than you? Forth should be only for good programmers?But no one is born as a good programmer, andnot every person will begin programming as a good programmer. Such an elitism might kill the language. However I myself don t care about what floavors will be adopted as the future OO standard of Forth. Once the specification becomes clear, PowerMops surely can support it by an optional library. Top Page
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Wildlife Ecology and Management Prentice Hall College Div? Eric Bolen? William Laughlin Robinson? Eric G. Bolen? PrenticeHallCollegeDiv? EricBolen? WilliamLaughlinRobinson? EricG.Bolen? ジャンル別? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Fauna-Wildlife? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Conservation-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Ecology-LivingontheLand-Hunting&Fishing-General&Anthologies? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-Conservation? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-Ecology-AnimalEcology? Subjects-Science-General Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-Animals-Wildlife? Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-Environment-Conservation? Subjects-Sports-Hunting&Fishing-General&Anthologies? Environmental Law and Policy Prentice Hall College Div? Stephen R. Chapman? PrenticeHallCollegeDiv? StephenR.Chapman? ジャンル別? 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I Want to Be an Environmentalist (I Want to Be) Harcourt Childrens Books (J)? Stephanie Maze? Catherine O Neill Grace? HarcourtChildrensBooks(J)? StephanieMaze? CatherineO NeillGrace? ジャンル別? Subjects-Children sBooks-Ages4-8-General? Subjects-Children sBooks-People&Places-Careers? Subjects-Children sBooks-Science,Nature&HowItWorks-Nature-Environment-Nonfiction? Subjects-Nonfiction-CurrentEvents-Poverty-SocialServices&Welfare? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Nature's Nation An Environmental History of the United States Harcourt College Pub? John Opie? HarcourtCollegePub? JohnOpie? ジャンル別? Subjects-History-Americas-UnitedStates-General? Subjects-History-HistoricalStudy-SocialHistory? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-History&Theory? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-Sociology-Culture? Subjects-Nonfiction-CurrentEvents-Poverty-SocialServices&Welfare? 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Subjects-Science-BiologicalSciences-Anatomy? Electromagnetic Fields A Consumer's Guide to the Issues and How to Protect Ourselves Harvest Books? Blake B. Levitt? HarvestBooks? BlakeB.Levitt? ジャンル別? Subjects-Health,Mind&Body-PersonalHealth-General? Subjects-Medicine-BasicScience-Physiology? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Medical-BasicSciences-Physiology? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-General Subjects-Science-Reference-General? Subjects-Science-Medicine-BasicScience-Physiology? A Life of Its Own The Politics and Power of Water Harcourt? Robert Gottlieb? Harcourt? RobertGottlieb? ジャンル別? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-NaturalResources-WaterSupply&LandUse? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? 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・概要 《全ての手に空を》 ACE COMBAT INFINITYはバンダーナムコエンターテインメント(2015年3月31日まではバンダイナムコゲームス)により 2014年5月20日に配信が開始された、PlayStation3用F2Pフライトシューティングゲーム。 ・キャンペーンモード 00 Test Flight 01 Lost Butterfly 02 Great Migration 03 Rescue 04 Stonehenge 05 Far Eastern Front 06 Avalon 07 Area B7R 08 Operation Bunker Shot ・オンラインモード オンライン共同戦役 Tokyo Martial Law Aerospace Center Defense Pipeline Destruction Dubai Night Assault Alps Air Corridor Moscow Battle Weapons Base Assault Avalon Dam Invasion Area B7R Dogfight Battle Adriatic Sea Landing Operation Retro Combat Evaluation Paris Liberation War 非常招集ミッション Moby Dick Pursuit STONEHENGE RETURN Satellite Interception Excalibur Onslaught EMERGENCY STRIKE チームデスマッチ スコア 艦隊攻略 リング争奪 ・データ 兵器 航空兵器 陸上兵器 海上兵器 その他 勢力・人物 傭兵部隊 アローズ社 国連軍 ??? MAP 東京 アヴァロンダム アドリア海沿岸 アルプス山 イユーリ兵器製造基地 エリアB7R コモナ宇宙センター ドバイ パイプライン パリ モスクワ 歴史 トレーラー集 楽曲 ACE COMBAT INFINITY SERIES MUSIC BEST ⓒBANDAI NAMCO Games Inc. Disc 01 01 Blokade 02 Comona (INFINITY Remix) 03 Invincible Fleet (INFINITY Remix) 04 Stonehenge (INFINITY Remix) 05 The Northerm Eye 06 Operation Bunker Shot 07 Rex Tremendae 08 Megalith -Agnus Dei- 09 First Flight (Arranged ACE COMBAT 04"Blockade") 10 Rendezvous 11 Ice Cage 12 The Unsung War 13 The Journey Home "ACE COMBAT 5 Ending Theme" 14 GLACIAL SKIES 15 MAYHEM 16 THE DEMON OF THE ROUND TABLE 17 ZERO 18 EPILOGUE-NEAR THE BORDER- 19 Blue Skies (remix) Disc 02 01 Ace Combat 6 Main Theme 02 The Liberation Of Gracemeria 03 A Brand New Day 04 Rising High 05 Fire Youngman 06 Dynapolis 07 Linkage 08 Replay 09 Montage 10 Revelation 11 Metoropolitan 12 Fighter`s Honor (Flying Remix) 13 Rebirth From Sand Storm 14 Keep Alive 15 Release 16 Release (Trailer Remix) 17 Gotta Stay Fly 18 Blue Skies (INFINITY Remix) 19 GH (Unpublished Track)
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Industrial Transformation Environmental Policy Innovation In The United States And Europe Mit Pr? Theo J. N. M. De Bruijn? Vicki Norberg-Bohm? MitPr? TheoJ.N.M.DeBruijn? VickiNorberg-Bohm? ジャンル別? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Climate Change What It Means for Us, Our Children, and Our Grandchildren (American and Comparative Environmental Policy) Mit Pr? Joseph F. Dimento? Pamela M. Doughman? MitPr? JosephF.Dimento? PamelaM.Doughman? ジャンル別? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-General Story and Sustainability Planning, Practice, and Possibility for American Cities Mit Pr? Barbara J. Eckstein? James A. Throgmorton? MitPr? BarbaraJ.Eckstein? JamesA.Throgmorton? ジャンル別? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-Reference? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-U.S.? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-Sociology-Urban? Subjects-Nonfiction-UrbanPlanning&Development-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience The Struggle for Accountability The World Bank, Ngos, and Grassroots Movements (Global Environmental Accords,) Mit Pr? Jonathan A. Fox? L. David Brown? MitPr? JonathanA.Fox? L.DavidBrown? ジャンル別? Subjects-Business&Investing-Biographies&Primers-Policy&CurrentEvents? Subjects-Business&Investing-Biographies&Primers-Strategy&Competition? Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-Development&Growth? Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-SustainableDevelopment? Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-EconomicPolicy&Development? Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Business&Investing-Finance-Banks&Banking? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-International-Relations? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-Development&Growth? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-SustainableDevelopment? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-EconomicPolicy&Development? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Industries&Professions-Banks&Banking? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-International-Finance-Banks&Banking? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-Development&Growth? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-SustainableDevelopment? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-EconomicPolicy&Development? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Spoils of Progress Mit Pr? Maeshal Goldman? MitPr? MaeshalGoldman? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-7? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-General Goudie the Human Impact on the Natural Environm Ent 2ed (Paper) The MIT Press? A GOUDIE? TheMITPress? AGOUDIE? ジャンル別? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-HumanGeography? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Imperiled Planet Restoring Our Endangered Ecosystems Mit Pr? Edward Goldsmith? MitPr? EdwardGoldsmith? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-7? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-General The Human Impact on the Natural Environment Mit Pr? Andrew Goudie? MitPr? AndrewGoudie? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-7? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-HumanGeography? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-General Whose Backyard, Whose Risk Fear and Fairness in Toxic and Nuclear Waste Siting Mit Pr? Michael B. Gerrard? MitPr? MichaelB.Gerrard? ジャンル別? Subjects-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-General Subjects-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-HazardousWaste? Subjects-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-SolidWasteManagement? Subjects-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-Pollution-Air? Subjects-Engineering-Nuclear? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-Recycling? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-General Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-HazardousWaste? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-SolidWasteManagement? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-Pollution-Air? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Nuclear? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-General Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-Environment-Recycling? Subjects-Science-Technology-Risks? Darwin's Dreampond Drama in Lake Victoria Mit Pr? Tijs Goldschmidt? MitPr? TijsGoldschmidt? ジャンル別? Subjects-Nonfiction-Philosophy-Science? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-Sociology-Culture? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Fauna-Fish&Sharks? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Fauna-MarineLife? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-BiologicalSciences-Biology-MarineBiology? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-Evolution-General? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-Evolution-General? Subjects-Science-General Subjects-Science-History&Philosophy-General? Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-Oceans&Seas-MarineLife? Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-Oceans&Seas-MarineBiology-General? Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-Animals-Fish&Sharks? Exporting Environmentalism U.S. Multinational Chemical Corporations in Brazil and Mexico (Global Environmental Accord Strategies for Sustainable Development and Institutional Innovation Series) Mit Pr? Ronie Garcia-Johnson? MitPr? RonieGarcia-Johnson? ジャンル別? Subjects-Business&Investing-Biographies&Primers-PopularEconomics? Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Business&Investing-Management&Leadership-Management? Subjects-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-General Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Government-PublicPolicy? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Conservation-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-Conservation? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-General Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-General? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Professional&Technical-Medical-BasicSciences-Chemistry? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Professional&Technical-BusinessManagement-Management&Leadership-Management? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-Environment-Conservation? People and Forests Communities, Institutions, and Governance (Politics, Science, and the Environment Series) Mit Pr? Clark C. Gibson? Margaret A. McKean? Elinor Ostrom? MitPr? ClarkC.Gibson? MargaretA.McKean? ElinorOstrom? ジャンル別? Subjects-Business&Investing-Biographies&Primers-PopularEconomics? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Government-PublicPolicy? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Ecology-LivingontheLand? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-NaturalResources-Forests&Forestry? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-General? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-AgriculturalSciences-Forestry? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-BiologicalSciences-Ecology? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-Ecology-General? Subjects-Science-General Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-NaturalResources-Forests&Forestry? The Human Impact on the Natural Environment Mit Pr? Andrew Goudie? MitPr? AndrewGoudie? ジャンル別? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-HumanGeography? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-LevelsofGovernment-FederalGovernment? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Ecology-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-Ecology-General? Subjects-Science-General Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-General? Materials Matter Toward a Sustainable Materials Policy (Urban and Industrial Environments) Mit Pr? Ken Geiser? MitPr? KenGeiser? ジャンル別? ユーズドブック(洋書)-Business&Investing? ユーズドブック(洋書)-Engineering ユーズドブック(洋書)-Nonfiction? ユーズドブック(洋書)-Outdoors&Nature ユーズドブック(洋書)-Professional&Technical? ユーズドブック(洋書)-Science? Subjects-Business&Investing-Biographies&Primers-PopularEconomics? Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Engineering-Chemical-Materials? Subjects-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-Pollution-Air? Subjects-Engineering-Industrial,Manufacturing&OperationalSystems-IndustrialDesign? Subjects-Engineering-MaterialsScience-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Government-PublicPolicy? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Chemical-Materials? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-Pollution-Air? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Industrial,Manufacturing&OperationalSystems-IndustrialDesign? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-MaterialsScience-General? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-General? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-Chemistry-Industrial&Technical? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-General Banking on the Environment Multilateral Development Banks and Their Environmental Performance in Central and Eastern Europe (Global Environmental Accord Strategies for Sustainability and Institutional Innovation Series) Mit Pr? Tamar L. Gutner? MitPr? TamarL.Gutner? ジャンル別? Subjects-Business&Investing-Biographies&Primers-PopularEconomics? Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-Development&Growth? Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Business&Investing-Finance-Banks&Banking? Subjects-Business&Investing-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Government-PublicPolicy? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-Development&Growth? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-NaturalResources-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Industries&Professions-Banks&Banking? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-Development&Growth? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-General? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-NaturalResources-General? Substores-UnknownASINs-jp-unknown1? Environmentalism Unbound Exploring New Pathways for Change (Urban and Industrial Environments Series) Mit Pr? Robert Gottlieb? MitPr? RobertGottlieb? ジャンル別? Subjects-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-General Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Conservation-Environmentalism? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-General Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-General Concrete and Clay Reworking Nature in New York City (Urban and Industrial Environments) Mit Pr? Matthew Gandy? MitPr? MatthewGandy? ジャンル別? Subjects-Arts&Photography-Architecture-General? Subjects-Arts&Photography-Architecture-Reference? Subjects-Arts&Photography-Architecture-Urban&LandUsePlanning? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Ecology-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Architecture-General? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Architecture-Reference? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Architecture-Urban&LandUsePlanning? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-BiologicalSciences-Ecology? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-General? China Shifts Gears Automakers, Oil, Pollution, And Development (Urban and Industrial Environments) Mit Pr? Kelly Sims Gallagher? MitPr? KellySimsGallagher? ジャンル別? Subjects-Engineering-Automotive? Subjects-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-Pollution-Air? Subjects-Nonfiction-Automotive-Industry? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Conservation-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-Conservation? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-Pollution-Air? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Automotive? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-Environment-Conservation? The Enclave Economy Foreign Investment and Sustainable Development in Mexico's Silicon Valley (Urban and Industrial Environments) Mit Pr? Kevin P. Gallagher? Lyuba Zarsky? MitPr? KevinP.Gallagher? LyubaZarsky? ジャンル別? Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-SustainableDevelopment? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-RegionalPlanning? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-SustainableDevelopment? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-SustainableDevelopment? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-General Reinventing Los Angeles Nature and Community in the Global City (Urban and Industrial Environments) Mit Pr? Robert Gottlieb? MitPr? RobertGottlieb? ジャンル別? Subjects-Arts&Photography-Architecture-General? Subjects-Arts&Photography-Architecture-Urban&LandUsePlanning? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Architecture-General? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Architecture-Urban&LandUsePlanning? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Harvey Environment Society - an Introductory Analysis (Pr Only) The MIT Press? HARVEY? TheMITPress? HARVEY? ジャンル別? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Glass House Mit Pr? John Hix? MitPr? JohnHix? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-7? Subjects-Arts&Photography-Architecture-General? Subjects-Arts&Photography-Architecture-Reference? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Architecture-General? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Architecture-Reference? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Institutions for the Earth Sources of Effective International Environmental Protection (Global Environmental Accords) Mit Pr? Peter M. Haas? Robert O. Keohane? Marc A. Levy? MitPr? PeterM.Haas? RobertO.Keohane? MarcA.Levy? ジャンル別? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-InternationalInstitutions? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Conservation-Environmentalism? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-Conservation? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-Environment-Conservation? Reclaiming the Environmental Debate The Politics of Health in a Toxic Culture (Urban and Industrial Environments Series) Mit Pr? Richard Hofrichter? MitPr? RichardHofrichter? ジャンル別? Subjects-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-Pollution-Air? Subjects-Health,Mind&Body-PersonalHealth-General? Subjects-Health,Mind&Body-General? Subjects-Medicine-Administration&Policy-PublicHealth? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Government-PublicPolicy? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-Pollution-Air? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Medical-Administration&MedicineEconomics-PublicHealth-General? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-Medicine-Administration&Policy-PublicHealth? Power Loss The Origins of Deregulation and Restructuring in the American Electric Utility System Mit Pr? Richard F. Hirsh? MitPr? RichardF.Hirsh? ジャンル別? Subjects-Business&Investing-Industries&Professions-Oil&Energy? Subjects-History-Americas-UnitedStates-20thCentury-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Government-PublicPolicy? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-History&Philosophy-HistoryofScience? Tomorrow's Energy Hydrogen, Fuel Cells, and the Prospects for a Cleaner Planet Mit Pr? Peter Hoffmann? MitPr? PeterHoffmann? ジャンル別? Subjects-Business&Investing-Biographies&Primers-PopularEconomics? Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-General Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-General Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-General? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Professional&Technical-Medical-BasicSciences-Chemistry? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-BiologicalSciences-Ecology? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-Physics-Energy? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-Chemistry-General&Reference? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-Ecology-General? Subjects-Science-General Subjects-Science-Physics-Energy? Subjects-Science-Technology-RenewableEnergy? Nature by Design People, Natural Process, and Ecological Design Mit Pr? Eric S. Higgs? MitPr? EricS.Higgs? ジャンル別? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Conservation-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Conservation-Environmentalism? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-Conservation? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-Ecology? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-BiologicalSciences-Ecology? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-Ecology-General? Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-Environment-Conservation? Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-Environment-Ecology? Earthly Politics Local and Global in Environmental Governance (Politics, Science, and the Environment) Mit Pr? Sheila Jasanoff? Marybeth Long Martello? MitPr? SheilaJasanoff? MarybethLongMartello? ジャンル別? Subjects-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-Planning&Management? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Conservation-Environmentalism? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-Conservation? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-Planning&Management? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-Environment-Conservation? Water's Edge The MIT Press? Bostwick H. Ketchum? TheMITPress? BostwickH.Ketchum? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-7? Subjects-Business&Investing-Industries&Professions-RealEstate-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Industries&Professions-RealEstate-General? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience The Last Extinction Mit Pr? Les Kaufman? Kenneth Mallory? MitPr? LesKaufman? KennethMallory? ジャンル別? Subjects-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-Pollution-Air? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Fauna-Wildlife? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Conservation-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Ecology-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-Conservation? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-Pollution-Air? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-Ecology-General? Subjects-Science-Evolution-Genetics? Subjects-Science-General Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-General? Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-Animals-Wildlife? Subjects-Science-Nature&Ecology-Environment-Conservation? Institutions for Environmental Aid Pitfalls and Promise (Global Environmental Accords Series. Strategies for Sustainability,) Mit Pr? Robert O. Keohane? Marc A. Levy? MitPr? RobertO.Keohane? MarcA.Levy? ジャンル別? Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-International-Relations? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-InternationalInstitutions? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-NaturalResources Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-General Environmental Values in American Culture Mit Pr? Willett Kempton? James S. Boster? Jennifer A. Hartley? MitPr? WillettKempton? JamesS.Boster? JenniferA.Hartley? ジャンル別? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-Anthropology-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-Sociology-Culture? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-BiologicalSciences-Ecology? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-General Subjects-Science-BehavioralSciences-Anthropology? Beneath the Surface Critical Essays in the Philosophy of Deep Ecology Mit Pr? Eric Katz? Andrew Light? David Rothenberg? MitPr? EricKatz? AndrewLight? DavidRothenberg? ジャンル別? Subjects-Nonfiction-Philosophy-Ethics&Morality? Subjects-Nonfiction-Philosophy-Science? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Conservation-Environmentalism? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-BiologicalSciences-Ecology? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-Ecology-AnimalEcology? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-Ecology-General? Subjects-Science-General Subjects-Science-History&Philosophy-General? The Human Relationship With Nature Development and Culture Mit Pr? Peter H. Kahn? MitPr? PeterH.Kahn? ジャンル別? Subjects-Health,Mind&Body-Psychology&Counseling-DevelopmentalPsychology? Subjects-Health,Mind&Body-Psychology&Counseling-SocialPsychology&Interactions? Subjects-Health,Mind&Body-Psychology&Counseling-Cognitive? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-Anthropology? Subjects-Nonfiction-Education-EducationTheory-Aims&Objectives? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Education-Theory-Aims&Objectives? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-BiologicalSciences-Ecology? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? 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Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-General? Subjects-Outdoors&Nature-Environment-EnvironmentalScience Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-General Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-HazardousWaste? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-Nuclear? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Engineering-SpecialTopics-MilitaryEngineering? Subjects-Professional&Technical-ProfessionalScience-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience? Subjects-Science-EarthSciences-EnvironmentalScience Changing the Atmosphere Expert Knowledge and Environmental Governance (Politics, Science, and the Environment) Mit Pr? Clark A. Miller? Paul N. Edwards? MitPr? ClarkA.Miller? PaulN.Edwards? ジャンル別? Subjects-Engineering-Bioengineering-Biotechnology? Subjects-Engineering-Civil-Environmental-Planning&Management? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Government-PublicPolicy? 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Stabilization In this section, we’ll go into SynthEyes’ stabilization system in depth, and describe some of the nifty things that can be done with it. If we wanted, we could have a single button “Stabilize this!” that would quickly and reliably do a bad job almost all the time. If that s what you’re looking for, there are some other software packages that will be happy to oblige. In SynthEyes, we have provided a rich toolset to get outstanding results in a wide variety of situations. You might wonder why we’ve buried such a wonderful and significant capability quite so far into the manual. The answer is simple in the hopes that you’ve actually read some of the manual, because effectively using the stabilizer will require that you know a number of SynthEyes concepts, and how to use the SynthEyes tracking capabilities. If this is the first section of the manual that you’re reading, great, thanks for reading this, but you’ll probably need to check out some of the other sections too. At the least, you have to read the Stabilization quick-start. Also, be sure to check the web site for the latest tutorials on stabilization. We apologize in advance for some of the rant content of the following sections, but it s really in your best interest! Why SynthEyes Has a Stabilizer The simple and ordinary need for stabilization arises when you are presented with a shot that is bouncing all over the place, and you need to clean it up into a solid professional-looking shot. That may be all that is needed, or you might need to track it and add 3-D effects also. Moving-camera shots can be challenging to shoot, so having software stabilization can make life easier. Or, you may have some film scans which are to be converted to HD or SD TV resolution, and effects added. People of all skill levels have been using a variety of ad-hoc approaches to address these tasks, sometimes using software designed for this, and sometimes using or abusing compositing software. Sometimes, presumably, this all goes well. But many times it does not a variety of problem shots have been sent to SynthEyes tech support which are just plain bad. You can look at them and see they have been stabilized, and not in a good way. We have developed the SynthEyes stabilizer not only to stabilize shots, but to try to ensure that it is done the right way. How NOT to Stabilize Though it is relatively easy to rig up a node-based compositor to shift footage back and forth to cancel out a tracked motion, this creates a fundamental problem Most imaging software, including you, expects the optic center of an image to fall at the center of that image. Otherwise, it looks weird—the fundamental camera geometry is broken. The optic center might also be called the vanishing point, center of perspective, back focal point, center of lens distortion. For example, think of shooting some footage out of the front of your car as you drive down a highway. Now cut off the right quarter of all the images and look at the sequence. It will be 4 3 footage, but it s going to look strange—the optic center is going to be off to the side. If you combine off-center footage with additional rendered elements, they will have the optic axis at their center, and combined with the different center of the original footage, they will look even worse. So when you stabilize by translating an image in 2-D (and usually zooming a little), you’ve now got an optic center moving all over the place. Right at the point you’ve stabilized, the image looks fine, but the corners will be flying all over the place. It s a very strange effect, it looks funny, and you can’t track it right. If you don’t know what it is, you’ll look at it, and think it looks funny but not know what has hit you. Recommendation if you are going to be adding effects to a shot, you should ask to be the one to stabilize or pan/scan it also. We’ve given you the tool to do it well, and avoid mishap. That s always better than having someone else mangle it, and having to explain later why the shot has problems, or why you really need the original un-stabilized source by yesterday. In-Camera Stabilization Many cameras now feature built-in stabilization, using a variety of operating principles. These stabilizers, while fine for shooting baby s first steps, may not be fine at all for visual effects work. Electronic stabilization uses additional rows and columns of pixels, then shifts the image in 2-D, just like the simple but flawed 2-D compositing approach. These are clearly problematic. One type of optical stabilizer apparently works by putting the camera imaging CCD chip on a little platform with motors, zipping the camera chip around rapidly so it catches the right photons. As amazing as this is, it is clearly just the 2-D compositing approach. Another optical stabilizer type adds a small moving lens in the middle of the collection of simple lens comprising the overall zoom lens. Most likely, the result is equivalent to a 2-D shift in the image plane. A third type uses prismatic elements at the front of the lens. This is more likely to be equivalent to re-aiming the camera, and thus less hazardous to the image geometry. Doubtless additional types are in use and will appear, and it is difficult to know their exact properties. Some stabilizers seem to have a tendency to intermittently jump when confronted with smooth motions. One mitigating factor for in-camera stabilizers, especially electronic, is that the total amount of offset they can accommodate is small—the less they can correct, the less they can mess up. Recommendation It is probably safest to keep camera stabilization off when possible, and keep the shutter time (angle) short to avoid blur, except when the amount of light is limited. Electronic stabilizers have trouble with limited light so that type might have to be off anyway. 3-D Stabilization To stabilize correctly, you need 3-D stabilization that performs “keystone correction” (like a projector does), re-imaging the source at an angle. In effect, your source image is projected onto a screen, then re-shot by a new camera looking in a somewhat different direction with a smaller field of view. Using a new camera keeps the optic center at the center of the image. In order to do this correctly, you always have to know the field of view of the original camera. Fortunately, SynthEyes can tell us that. Stabilization Concepts Point of Interest (POI). The point of interest is the fixed point that is being stabilized. If you are pegging a shot, the point of interest is the one point on the image that never moves. POI Deltas (Adjust tab). These values allow you to intentionally move the POI around, either to help reduce the amount of zoom required, or to achieve a particular framing effect. If you create a rotation, the image rotates around the POI. Stabilization Track. This is roughly the path the POI took—it is a direction in 3-D space, described by pan/tilt/roll angles—basically where the camera (POI) was looking (except that the POI isn’t necessarily at the center of the image). Reference Track. This is the path in 3-D we want the POI to take. If the shot is pegged, then this track is just a single set of values, repeated for the duration of the shot. Separate Field of View Track. The image preparation system has its own field of view track. The image prep s FOV will be larger than main FOV, because the image prep system sees the entire input image, while the main tracking and solving works only on the smaller stabilized sub-window output by image prep. Note that an image prep FOV is needed only for stabilization, not for pixel-level adjustments, downsampling, etc. The Get Solver FOV button transfers the main FOV track to the stabilizer. Separate Distortion Track. Similarly there is a separate lens distortion track. The image prep s distortion can be animated, while the main distortion can not. The image prep distortion or the main distortion should always be zero, they should never both be nonzero simultaneously. The Get Solver Distort button transfers the main distortion value (from solving or the Lens-panel alignment lines) to the stabilizer, and begs you to let it clear the main distortion value afterwards. Stabilization Zoom. The output window can only be a portion of the size of the input image. The more jiggle, the smaller the output portion must be, to be sure that it does not run off the edge of the input (see the Padded mode of the image prep window to see this in action). The zoom factor reflects the ratio of the input and output sizes, and also what is happening to the size of a pixel. At a zoom ratio of 1, the input and output windows and pixels are the same size. At a zoom ratio of 2, the output is half the size of the input, and each incoming pixel has to be stretched to become two pixels in the output, which will look fairly blurry. Accordingly, you want to keep the zoom value down in the 1.1-1.3 region. After an Auto-scale, you can see the required zoom on the Adjust panel. Re-sampling. There s nothing that says we have to produce the same size image going out as coming in. The Output tab lets you create a different output format, though you will have to consider what effect it has on image quality. Re-sampling 3K down to HD sounds good; but re-sampling DV up to HD will come out blurry because the original picture detail is not there. Interpolation Filter. SynthEyes has to create new pixels “in-between” the existing ones. It can do so with different kinds of filtering to prevent aliasing, ranging from the default Bi-Linear to the most complex 3-Lanczos. The bi-linear filter is fastest but produces the softest image. The Lanczos filters take longer, but are sharper—although this can be drawback if the image is noisy. Tracker Paths. One or more trackers are combined to form the stabilization track. The tracker s 2-D paths follow the original footage. After stabilization, they will not match the new stabilized footage. There is a button, Apply to Trkers, that adjusts the tracker paths to match the new footage, but again, they then match that particular footage and they must be restored to match the original footage (with Remove f/Trkers) before making any later changes to the stabilization. If you mess up, you either have to return to an earlier saved file, or re-track. Overall Process We’re ready to walk through the stabilization process. You may want to refer to the Image Preprocessor Reference. · Track the features required for stabilization either a full auto-track, supervised tracking of particular features to be stabilized, or a combination. · If possible, solve the shot either for full 3-D or as a tripod shot, even if it is not truly nodal. The resulting 3-D point locations will make the stabilization more accurate, and it is the best way to get an accurate field of view. · If you have not solved the shot, manually set the Lens FOV on the Image Preprocessor s Lens tab (not the main Lens panel) to the best available value. If you do set up the main lens FOV, you can import it to the Lens tab. · On the Stabilization tab, select a stabilization mode for translation and/or rotation. This will build the stabilization track automatically if there isn’t one already (as if the Get Tracks button was hit), and import the lens FOV if the shot is solved. · Adjust the frequency spinner as desired. · Hit the Auto-Scale button to find the required stabilization zoom · Check the zoom on the Adjust tab; using the Padded view, make any additional adjustment to the stabilization activity to minimize the required zoom, or achieve desired shot framing. · Output the shot. If only stabilized footage is required, you are done. · Update the scene to use the new imagery, and either re-track or update the trackers to account for the stabilization · Get a final 3-D or tripod solve and export to your animation or compositing package for further effects work. There are two main kinds of shots and stabilization for them shots focusing on a subject, which is to remain in the frame, and traveling shots, where the content of the image changes as new features are revealed. Stabilizing on a Subject Often a shot focuses on a single subject, which we want to stabilize in the frame, despite the shaky motion of the camera. Example shots of this type include · The camera person walking towards a mark on the ground, to be turned into a cliff edge for a reveal. · A job site to receive a new building, shot from a helicopter orbiting overhead · A camera car driving by a house, focusing on the house. To stabilize these shots, you will identify or create several trackers in the vicinity of the subject, and with them selected, select the Peg mode on the Translation list on the Stabilize tab. This will cause the point of interest to remain stationary in the image for the duration of the shot. You may also stabilize and peg the image rotation. Almost always, you will want to stabilize rotation. It may or may not be pegged. You may find it helpful to animate the stabilized position of the point of interest, in order to minimize the zoom required, see below, and also to enliven a shot somewhat. Some car commercials are shot from a rig that shows both the car and the surrounding countryside as the car drives they look a bit surreal because the car is completely stationary—having been pegged exactly in place. No real camera rig is that perfect! Stabilizing a Traveling Shot Other shots do not have a single subject, but continue to show new imagery. For example, · A camera car, with the camera facing straight ahead · A forward-facing camera in a helicopter flying over terrain · A camera moving around the corner of a house to reveal the backyard behind it In such shots, there is no single feature to stabilize. Select the Filter mode for the stabilization of translation and maybe rotation. The result is similar to the stabilization done in-camera, though in SynthEyes you can control it and have keystone correction. When the stabilizer is filtering, the Cut Frequency spinner is active. Any vibratory motion below that frequency (in cycles per second) is preserved, and vibratory motion above that frequency is greatly reduced or eliminated. You should adjust the spinner based on the type of motion present, and the degree of stabilization required. A camera mounted on a car with a rigid mount, such as a StickyPod, will have only higher-frequency residual vibration, and a larger value can be used. A hand-held shot will often need a frequency around 0.5 Hz to be smooth. Note When using filter-mode stabilization, the length of the shot matters. If the shot is too short, it is not possible to accurately control the frequency and distinguish between vibration and the desired motion, especially at the beginning and end of the shot. Using a longer version of the take will allow more control, even if much of the stabilized shot is cut after stabilization. Minimizing Zoom The more zoom required to stabilize a shot, the less image quality will result, which is clearly bad. Can we minimize the zoom, and maximize image quality? Of course, and SynthEyes provides the controllability to do so. Stabilizing a shot has considerable flexibility the shot can be stable in lots of different ways, with different amounts of zoom required. We want a shot that everyone agrees is stable, but minimizes the effect on quality. Fortunately, we have the benefit of foresight, so we can correct a problem in the middle of a shot, anticipating it long before it occurs, and provide an apparently stable result. Animating POI The basic technique is to animate the position of the point-of-interest within the frame. If the shot bumps left suddenly, there are fewer pixels available on the left side of the point of interest to be able to maintain its relative position in the output image, and a higher zoom will be required. If we have already moved the point of interest to the left, fewer pixels are required, and less zoom is required. Earlier, in the Stabilization Quick Start, we remarked that the 28% zoom factor obtained by animating the rotation could be reduced further. We’ll continue that example here to show how. Re-do the quick start to completion, go to frame 178, with the Adjust tab open, in Padded display mode, with the make key button turned on. From the display, you can see that the red output-area rectangle is almost near the edge of the image. Grab the purple point-of-interest crosshair, and drag the red rectangle up into the middle of the image. Now everything is a lot safer. If you switch to the stabilize tab and hit Autoscale, the red rectangle enlarges—there is less zoom, as the Adjust tab shows. Only 15% zoom is now required. By dragging the POI/red rectangle, we reduced zoom. You can see that what we did amounted to moving the POI. Hit Undo twice, and switch to the Final view. Drag the POI down to the left, until the Delta U/V values are approximately 0.045 and -0.035. Switch back to the Padded view, and you’ll see you’ve done the same thing as before. The advantage of the padded view is that you can more easily see what you are doing, though you can get a similar effect in the Final view by increasing the margin to about 0.25, where you can see the dashed outline of the source image. If you close the Image Prep dialog and play the shot, you will see the effect of moving the POI a very stable shot, though the apparent subject changes over time. It can make for a more interesting shot and more creative decisions. Too Much of a Good Thing? To be most useful, you can scrub through your shot and look for the worst frame, where the output rectangle has the most missing, and adjust the POI position on that frame. After you do that, there will be some other frame which is now the worst frame. You can go and adjust that too, if you want. As you do this, the zoom required will get less and less. There is a downside as you do this, you are creating more of the shakiness you are trying to get rid of. If you keep going, you could get back to no zoom required, but all the original shakiness, which is of course senseless. Usually, you will only want to create two or three keys at most, unless the shot is very long. But exactly where you stop is a creative decision based on the allowable shakiness and quality impact. Auto-Scale Capabilities The auto-scale button can automate the adjustment process for you, as controlled by the Animate listbox and Maximum auto-zoom settings. With Animate set to Neither, Auto-scale will pick the smallest zoom required to avoid missing pieces on the output image sequence, up to the specified maximum value. If that maximum is reached, there will be missing sections. If you change the Animate setting to Translate, though, Auto-scale will automatically add delta U/V keys, animating the POI position, any time the zoom would have to exceed the maximum. Rewind to the beginning of the shot, and control-right-click the Delta-U spinner, clearing all the position keys. Change the Animate setting to Translate, reduce the Maximum auto-zoom to 1.1, then click Auto-Scale. SynthEyes adds several keys to achieve the maximum 10% zoom. If you play back the sequence, you will see the shot shifting around a bit—10% is probably too low given the amount of jitter in the shot to begin with. The auto-scale button can also animate the zoom track, if enabled with the Animate setting. The result is equivalent to a zooming camera lens, and you must be sure to note that in the main lens panel setting if you will 3-D solve the shot later. This is probably only useful when there is a lot of resolution available to begin with, and the point of interest approaches the boundary of the image at the end of the shot. Keep in mind that the Auto-scale functionality is relatively simple. By considering the purpose of the shot as well as the nature of any problems in it, you should often be able to do better. Tweaking the Point of Interest This is different than moving it! When the selected trackers are combined to form the single overall stabilization track, SynthEyes examines the weight of each tracker, as controlled from the main Tracker panel. This allows you to shift the position of the point-of-interest (POI) within a group of trackers, which can be handy. Suppose you want to stabilize at the location of a single tracker, but you want to stabilize the rotation as well. With a single tracker, rotation can not be stabilized. If you select two trackers, you can stabilize the rotation, but without further action, the point of interest will be sitting between the two trackers, not at the location of the one you care about. To fix this, select the desired POI tracker in the main viewport, and increase its weight value to the maximum (currently 10). Then, select the other tracker(s), and reduce the weight to the minimum (0.050). This will put the POI very close to your main tracker. If you play with the weights a bit, you can make the POI go anywhere within a polygon formed by the trackers. But do not be surprised if the resulting POI seems to be sliding on the image the POI is really a 3-D location, and usually the combination of the trackers will not be on the surface (unless they are all in the same plane). If this is a problem for what you want to do, you should create a supervised tracker at the desired POI location and use that instead. If you have adjusted the weights, and later want to re-solve the scene, you should set the weights back to 1.0 before solving. (Select them all then set the weight to 1). Resampling and Film to HDTV Pan/Scan Workflow If you are working with filmed footage, often you will need to pull the actual usable area from the footage the scan is probably roughly 4 3, but the desired final output is 16 9 or 1.85 or even 2.35, so only part of the filmed image will be used. A director may select the desired portion to achieve a desired framing for the shot. Part of the image may be vignetted and unusable. The image must be cropped to pull out the usable portion of the image with the correct aspect ratio. This cropping operation can be performed as the film is scanned, so that only the desired framing is scanned; clearly this minimizes the scan time and disk storage. But, there is an important reason to scan the entire frame instead. The optic center must remain at the center of the image. If the scanning is done without paying attention, it may be off center, and almost certainly will be if the framing is driven by directorial considerations. If the entire frame is scanned, or at least most of it, then you can use SynthEyes s stabilization software to perform keystone correction, and produce properly centered footage. As a secondary benefit, you can do pan and scan operations to stabilize the shots, or achieve moving framing that would be difficult to do during scanning. With the more complete scan, the final decision can be deferred or changed later in production. The Output tab on the Image Preparation controls resampling, allowing you to output a different image format then that coming in. The incoming resolution should be at least as large as the output resolution, for example, a 3K 4 3 film scan for a 16 9 HDTV image at 1920x1080p. This will allow enough latitude to pull out smaller subimages. If you are resampling from a larger resolution to a smaller one, you should use the Blur setting to minimize aliasing effects (Moire bands). You should consider the effect of how much of the source image you are using before blurring. If you have a zoom factor of 2 into a 3K shot, the effective pixel count being used is only 1.5K, so you probably would not blur if you are producing 1920x1080p HD. Due to the nature of SynthEyes’ integrated image preparation system, the re-sampling, keystone correction, and lens un-distortion all occur simultaneously in the same pass. This presents a vastly improved situation compared to a typical node-based compositor, where the image will be resampled and degraded at each stage. Changing Shots, and Creating Motion in Stills You can use the stabilization system to adjust framing of shots in post-production, or to create motion from still images (the Ken Burns effect). To use the stabilizing engine you have to be stabilizing, so simply animating the Delta controls will not let you pan and scan without the following trick. Delete any the trackers, click the Get Tracks button, and then turn on the Translation channel of the stabilizer. This turns on the stabilizer, making the Delta channels work, without doing any actual stabilization. You must enter a reasonable estimate of the lens field of view. If it is a moving-camera or tripod-mode shot, you can track it first to determine the field of view. Remember to delete the trackers before beginning the mock stabilization. If you are working from a still, you can use the single-frame alignment tool to determine the field of view. You will need to use a text editor to create an IFL file that contains the desired number of copies of your original file name. Stabilization and Interlacing Interlaced footage presents special problems for stabilization, because jitter in the positioning between the two fields is equivalent to jitter in camera position, which we’re trying to remove. Because the two different fields are taken at different points in time (1/30th or 1/25th of a second apart, regardless of shutter time), it is impossible for man or machine to determine what exactly happened, in general. Stabilizing interlaced footage will sacrifice a factor of two in vertical resolution. Best Approach if at all possible, shoot progressive instead of interlace footage. This is a good rule whenever you expect to add effects to a shot. Fallback Approach stabilize slow-moving interlaced shots as if they were progressive. Stabilize rapidly-moving interlaced shots as interlaced. To stabilize interlaced shots, SynthEyes stabilizes each sequence of fields independently. Note that within the image preparation subsystem, some animated tracks are animated by the field, and some are animated by the frame. Frame levels, color/hue, distortion/scale, ROI Field FOV, cut frequency, Delta U/V, Delta Rot, Delta Zoom When you are animating a frame-animated item on an interlaced shot, if you set a key on one field (say 10), you will see the same key on the other field (say 11). This simplifies the situation, at least on these items, if you change a shot from interlaced to progressive or “yes” mode or back. Avoid Slowdowns Due to Missing Keyframes While you are working on stabilizing a shot, you will be re-fetching frames from the source imagery fairly often, especially when you scrub through a shot to check the stabilization. If the source imagery is a QuickTime or AVI that does not have many (or any!) keyframes, random access into the shot will be slow, since the codec will have to decompress all the frames from the last keyframe to get to the one that is needed. This can require repeatedly decompressing the entire shot. It is not a SynthEyes problem, or even specific to stabilizing, but is a problem with the choice of codec settings. If this happens (and it is not uncommon), you should save the movie as an image sequence (with no stabilization), and Shot/Change Shot Images to that version instead. Alternatively, you may be able to assess the situation using the Padded display, turning the update mode to Neither, then scrubbing through the shot. After Stabilizing Once you’ve finished stabilizing the shot, you should write it back out to disk using the Save Sequence button on the Output tab. It is also possible to save the sequence through the Perspective window s Preview Movie capability. Each method has its advantages, but using the Save Sequence button will be generally better for this purpose it is faster; does less to the images; allows you to write the 16 bit version; and allows you to write the alpha channel. However, it does not overlay inserted test objects like the Preview Movie does. You can use the stabilized footage you write for downstream applications such as 3dsmax and Maya. But before you export the camera path and trackers from SynthEyes, you have a little more work to do. The tracker and camera paths in SynthEyes correspond to the original footage, not the stabilized footage, and they are substantially different. Once you close the Image Preparation dialog, you’ll see that the trackers are doing one thing, and the now-stable image doing something else. You should always save the stabilizing SynthEyes scene file at this point for future use in the event of changes. You can then do a File/New, open the stabilized footage, track it, then export the 3-D scene matching the stabilized footage. But… if you have already done a full 3-D track on the original footage, you can save time. Click the Apply to Trkers button on the Output tab. This will apply the stabilization data to the existing trackers. When you close the Image Prep, the 2-D tracker locations will line up correctly, though the 3-D X s will not yet. Go to the solver panel, and re-solve the shot (Go!), and the 3-D positions and camera path will line up correctly again. (If you really wanted to, you could probably use Seed Points mode to speed up this re-solve.) Important if you later decide you want to change the stabilization parameters without re-tracking, you must not have cleared the stabilizer. Hit the Remove f/Trkers button BEFORE making any changes, to get back to the original tracking data. Otherwise, if you Apply twice, or Remove after changes, you will just create a mess. Also, the Blip data is not changed by the Apply or Remove buttons, and it is not possible to Peel any blip trails, which correspond to the original image coordinates, after completing stabilization and hitting Apply. So you must either do all peeling first; remove, peel, and reapply the stabilization; or retrack later if necessary. Flexible Workflows Suppose you have written out a stabilized shot, and adjusted the tracker positions to match the new shot. You can solve the shot, export it, and play around with it in general. If you need to, you can pop the stabilization back off the trackers, adjust the stabilization, fix the trackers back up, and re-solve, all without going back to earlier scene files and thus losing later work. That s the kind of flexibility we like. There s only one slight drawback each time you save and close the file, then reopen it, you’re going to have to wait while the image prep system recomputes the stabilized image. That might be only a few seconds, or it might be quite a while for a long film shot. It s pretty stupid, when you consider that you’ve already written the complete stabilized shot to disk! Approach 1 do a Shot/Change Shot Images to the saved stabilized shot, and reset the image prep system from the Preset Manager. This will let you work quickly from the saved version, but you must be sure to save this scene file separately, in case you need to change the stabilization later for some reason. And of course, going back to that saved file would mean losing later work. Approach 2 Create an image prep preset (“stab”) for the full stabilizer settings. Create another image prep preset (“quick”), and reset it. Do the Shot/Change Shot Images. Now you’ve got it both ways fast loading, and if you need to go back and change the stabilization, switch back to the first (“stab”) preset, remove the stabilization from the trackers, change the shot imagery back to the original footage, then make your stabilization changes. You’ll then need to re-write the new stabilized footage, re-apply it to the trackers, etc. Approach 1 is clearly simpler and should suffice for most simple situations. But if you need the flexibility, Approach 2 will give it to you.
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【登録タグ A Nana Takahashi SOUND HOLIC 星の器 ~ Casket of Star 曲 霧雨 -KIRISAME-】 【注意】 現在、このページはJavaScriptの利用が一時制限されています。この表示状態ではトラック情報が正しく表示されません。 この問題は、以下のいずれかが原因となっています。 ページがAMP表示となっている ウィキ内検索からページを表示している これを解決するには、こちらをクリックし、ページを通常表示にしてください。 /** General styling **/ @font-face { font-family Noto Sans JP ; font-display swap; font-style normal; font-weight 350; src url(https //img.atwikiimg.com/www31.atwiki.jp/touhoukashi/attach/2972/10/NotoSansCJKjp-DemiLight.woff2) format( woff2 ), url(https //img.atwikiimg.com/www31.atwiki.jp/touhoukashi/attach/2972/9/NotoSansCJKjp-DemiLight.woff) format( woff ), url(https //img.atwikiimg.com/www31.atwiki.jp/touhoukashi/attach/2972/8/NotoSansCJKjp-DemiLight.ttf) format( truetype ); } @font-face { font-family Noto Sans JP ; font-display swap; font-style normal; font-weight bold; src url(https //img.atwikiimg.com/www31.atwiki.jp/touhoukashi/attach/2972/13/NotoSansCJKjp-Medium.woff2) format( woff2 ), url(https //img.atwikiimg.com/www31.atwiki.jp/touhoukashi/attach/2972/12/NotoSansCJKjp-Medium.woff) format( woff ), url(https //img.atwikiimg.com/www31.atwiki.jp/touhoukashi/attach/2972/11/NotoSansCJKjp-Medium.ttf) format( truetype ); 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} /** Infomation styling **/ #trackinfo .info_header th { padding .3em .5em; background-color #D8D8D8; font-size 95%; } #trackinfo .infomation_show_btn_wrapper { float right; font-size 12px; user-select none; } #trackinfo .infomation_show_btn { cursor pointer; } #trackinfo .info_content td { padding 0 0 0 5px; height 0; transition .3s; } #trackinfo .info_content ul { padding 0; margin 0; max-height 0; list-style initial; transition .3s; } #trackinfo .info_content li { opacity 0; visibility hidden; margin 0 0 0 1.5em; transition .3s, opacity .2s; } #trackinfo .info_content.infomation_show td { padding 5px; height 100%; } #trackinfo .info_content.infomation_show ul { padding 5px 0; max-height 50em; } #trackinfo .info_content.infomation_show li { opacity 1; visibility visible; } #trackinfo .info_content.infomation_show li nth-of-type(n+2) { margin-top 10px; } /** Lyrics styling **/ #lyrics { font-size 1.06em; line-height 1.6em; } .not_in_card, .inaudible { display inline; position relative; 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visibility hidden; position absolute; top -8.5px; left 42.5%; border-width 5px; border-style solid; border-color #555 transparent transparent transparent; opacity 0; transition 0.7s; } .not_in_card hover after, .inaudible .img hover after { content ; visibility visible; top -13.5px; left 42.5%; opacity 0.8; transition 0.3s; } .not_in_card after { top -2.5px; left 50%; } .not_in_card hover after { top -7.5px; left 50%; } .not_in_card.hide after { visibility hidden; top -2.5px; opacity 0; transition 0.7s; } /** For mobile device styling **/ .uk-overflow-container { display inline; } #trackinfo.mobile { display table; float none; width 100%; margin auto; margin-bottom 1em; } #trackinfo.mobile th { text-transform none; } #trackinfo.mobile tbody tr not(.media) th { text-align left; background-color unset; } #trackinfo.mobile td { white-space normal; } document.addEventListener( DOMContentLoaded , function() { use strict ; const headers = { title アルバム別曲名 , album アルバム , circle サークル , vocal Vocal , lyric Lyric , chorus Chorus , narrator Narration , rap Rap , voice Voice , whistle Whistle (口笛) , translate Translation (翻訳) , arrange Arrange , artist Artist , bass Bass , cajon Cajon (カホン) , drum Drum , guitar Guitar , keyboard Keyboard , mc MC , mix Mix , piano Piano , sax Sax , strings Strings , synthesizer Synthesizer , trumpet Trumpet , violin Violin , original 原曲 , image_song イメージ曲 }; 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